# 100 từ vựng chủ đề Climate change and its effects

Nguồn: https://therealielts.vn/100-tu-vung-chu-de-climate-change/  
Tác giả: Tú Kiều Trọng — The Real IELTS  
Ngày đăng: 02/07/2025 · Cập nhật: 02/07/2025  
Chuyên mục: Bài tập từ vựng IELTS có đáp án, Từ vựng IELTS

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Khám phá 100 từ vựng tiếng Anh về biến đổi khí hậu và tác động của nó, giúp bạn nâng cao vốn từ để thảo luận về một trong những vấn đề toàn cầu quan trọng nhất hiện nay. Bài viết này cung cấp danh sách từ vựng chi tiết kèm nghĩa tiếng Việt và câu ví dụ thực tế, hỗ trợ bạn học IELTS hiệu quả hơn.

Đọc thêm: **[1 số từ vựng tiếng anh cơ bản](https://therealielts.vn/1000-tu-vung-tieng-anh-co-ban-pdf/)**.

Đọc thêm: **[1000 từ vựng tiếng Anh cơ bản PDF](https://therealielts.vn/1000-tu-vung-tieng-anh-co-ban-pdf/)**

## Danh sách từ vựng

1. **Climate change** - Biến đổi khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate change is causing more frequent and severe weather events worldwide.
2. **Global warming** - Sự nóng lên toàn cầu
  *Example*: Global warming has led to the melting of polar ice caps.
3. **Greenhouse effect** - Hiệu ứng nhà kính
  *Example*: The greenhouse effect traps heat in the atmosphere, raising global temperatures.
4. **Carbon dioxide** - Khí cacbonic
  *Example*: Factories release large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
5. **Emission** - Khí thải
  *Example*: Reducing emissions from vehicles is crucial for combating climate change.
6. **Fossil fuel** - Nhiên liệu hóa thạch
  *Example*: Burning fossil fuels like coal and oil contributes to air pollution.
7. **Deforestation** - Phá rừng
  *Example*: Deforestation destroys habitats and increases carbon dioxide levels.
8. **Renewable energy** - Năng lượng tái tạo
  *Example*: Solar and wind power are examples of renewable energy sources.
9. **Sustainability** - Tính bền vững
  *Example*: Sustainability is key to preserving natural resources for future generations.
10. **Biodiversity** - Đa dạng sinh học
  *Example*: Climate change threatens biodiversity by altering ecosystems.
11. **Carbon footprint** - Dấu chân carbon
  *Example*: You can reduce your carbon footprint by using public transportation.
12. **Sea level rise** - Nước biển dâng
  *Example*: Sea level rise is endangering coastal communities around the world.
13. **Drought** - Hạn hán
  *Example*: Prolonged droughts are becoming more common due to climate change.
14. **Flood** - Lũ lụt
  *Example*: Heavy rainfall caused severe floods in the region last year.
15. **Extreme weather** - Thời tiết cực đoan
  *Example*: Extreme weather events, like hurricanes, are increasing in intensity.
16. **Ozone layer** - Tầng ozone
  *Example*: The depletion of the ozone layer allows harmful UV rays to reach Earth.
17. **Pollution** - Ô nhiễm
  *Example*: Air pollution from factories worsens the effects of climate change.
18. **Mitigation** - Giảm thiểu
  *Example*: Planting trees is a common strategy for climate change mitigation.
19. **Adaptation** - Thích nghi
  *Example*: Farmers are adopting new techniques to cope with climate adaptation challenges.
20. **Ecosystem** - Hệ sinh thái
  *Example*: Coral reefs are fragile ecosystems affected by rising ocean temperatures.
21. **Glacier** - Sông băng
  *Example*: Glaciers are melting rapidly due to rising global temperatures.
22. **Deforestation** - Phá rừng
  *Example*: Deforestation in the Amazon is a major driver of climate change.
23. **Renewable resources** - Tài nguyên tái tạo
  *Example*: Using renewable resources helps reduce dependency on fossil fuels.
24. **Carbon neutral** - Trung hòa carbon
  *Example*: The company aims to become carbon neutral by 2030.
25. **Climate crisis** - Khủng hoảng khí hậu
  *Example*: The climate crisis requires urgent global action to prevent catastrophic consequences.
26. **Sustainable development** - Phát triển bền vững
  *Example*: Sustainable development balances economic growth with environmental protection.
27. **Heatwave** - Đợt nóng
  *Example*: The heatwave last summer broke temperature records in many countries.
28. **Desertification** - Sa mạc hóa
  *Example*: Desertification is turning fertile land into barren deserts.
29. **Air quality** - Chất lượng không khí
  *Example*: Poor air quality in urban areas is linked to industrial emissions.
30. **Recycling** - Tái chế
  *Example*: Recycling reduces waste and helps conserve natural resources.
31. **Overpopulation** - Quá tải dân số
  *Example*: Overpopulation puts pressure on natural resources, worsening climate issues.
32. **Conservation** - Bảo tồn
  *Example*: Conservation efforts aim to protect endangered species from extinction.
33. **Green technology** - Công nghệ xanh
  *Example*: Green technology, like electric vehicles, reduces harmful emissions.
34. **Atmosphere** - Bầu khí quyển
  *Example*: The atmosphere is becoming warmer due to greenhouse gas emissions.
35. **Methane** - Khí mê-tan
  *Example*: Methane from livestock farming is a potent greenhouse gas.
36. **Permafrost** - Băng vĩnh cửu
  *Example*: Melting permafrost releases stored greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
37. **Urbanization** - Đô thị hóa
  *Example*: Rapid urbanization contributes to higher energy consumption and emissions.
38. **Wildfire** - Cháy rừng
  *Example*: Wildfires are becoming more frequent due to hotter and drier conditions.
39. **Coral bleaching** - Hiện tượng tẩy trắng san hô
  *Example*: Coral bleaching is caused by rising ocean temperatures and acidification.
40. **Acid rain** - Mưa axit
  *Example*: Acid rain damages forests and aquatic ecosystems.
41. **Solar energy** - Năng lượng mặt trời
  *Example*: Solar energy is a clean alternative to fossil fuels.
42. **Wind energy** - Năng lượng gió
  *Example*: Wind turbines generate electricity without producing emissions.
43. **Hydropower** - Thủy điện
  *Example*: Hydropower provides a reliable source of renewable energy.
44. **Geothermal energy** - Năng lượng địa nhiệt
  *Example*: Geothermal energy harnesses heat from the Earth’s core.
45. **Biofuel** - Nhiên liệu sinh học
  *Example*: Biofuels are made from organic materials and are renewable.
46. **Ozone depletion** - Suy giảm tầng ozone
  *Example*: Ozone depletion increases the risk of skin cancer from UV exposure.
47. **Climate model** - Mô hình khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate models predict future temperature changes based on current trends.
48. **Carbon capture** - Thu giữ carbon
  *Example*: Carbon capture technology traps emissions before they enter the atmosphere.
49. **Reforestation** - Tái trồng rừng
  *Example*: Reforestation helps absorb carbon dioxide and restore ecosystems.
50. **Afforestation** - Trồng rừng mới
  *Example*: Afforestation involves planting trees in areas where there were none before.
51. **Erosion** - Xói mòn
  *Example*: Soil erosion is worsened by deforestation and heavy rainfall.
52. **Greenhouse gas** - Khí nhà kính
  *Example*: Greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide trap heat in the atmosphere.
53. **Climate policy** - Chính sách khí hậu
  *Example*: Governments are implementing climate policies to reduce emissions.
54. **Carbon tax** - Thuế carbon
  *Example*: A carbon tax encourages companies to reduce their emissions.
55. **Energy efficiency** - Hiệu quả năng lượng
  *Example*: Energy-efficient appliances reduce electricity consumption.
56. **Overfishing** - Đánh bắt quá mức
  *Example*: Overfishing disrupts marine ecosystems and food chains.
57. **Water scarcity** - Khan hiếm nước
  *Example*: Water scarcity is a growing issue in drought-prone regions.
58. **Melting ice caps** - Tan băng
  *Example*: Melting ice caps contribute to rising sea levels.
59. **Urban heat island** - Đảo nhiệt đô thị
  *Example*: Urban heat islands make cities warmer than surrounding areas.
60. **Climate refugee** - Người tị nạn khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate refugees are forced to leave their homes due to environmental disasters.
61. **Carbon sink** - Bể chứa carbon
  *Example*: Forests act as carbon sinks, absorbing carbon dioxide from the air.
62. **Sustainable agriculture** - Nông nghiệp bền vững
  *Example*: Sustainable agriculture reduces environmental impact while maintaining productivity.
63. **Ocean acidification** - Axit hóa đại dương
  *Example*: Ocean acidification harms marine life, especially shellfish and coral reefs.
64. **Climate justice** - Công lý khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate justice focuses on fair treatment for communities affected by climate change.
65. **Energy transition** - Chuyển đổi năng lượng
  *Example*: The energy transition involves moving from fossil fuels to renewables.
66. **Heat stress** - Căng thẳng nhiệt
  *Example*: Heat stress affects both human health and agricultural yields.
67. **Climate feedback** - Phản hồi khí hậu
  *Example*: Melting ice reduces reflectivity, accelerating climate feedback loops.
68. **Carbon offset** - Bù đắp carbon
  *Example*: Planting trees is a common way to achieve carbon offsets.
69. **Eco-friendly** - Thân thiện với môi trường
  *Example*: Eco-friendly products reduce harm to the environment.
70. **Biodiesel** - Nhiên liệu sinh học diesel
  *Example*: Biodiesel is a renewable fuel made from vegetable oils.
71. **Climate resilience** - Khả năng phục hồi khí hậu
  *Example*: Building climate resilience helps communities withstand environmental changes.
72. **Water cycle** - Chu trình nước
  *Example*: Climate change disrupts the water cycle, causing irregular rainfall patterns.
73. **Land degradation** - Suy thoái đất
  *Example*: Land degradation reducesখ: Land degradation reduces agricultural productivity.
74. **Climate activist** - Nhà hoạt động khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate activists advocate for policies to combat global warming.
75. **Solar panel** - Tấm pin mặt trời
  *Example*: Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity for homes.
76. **Carbon sequestration** - Cô lập carbon
  *Example*: Carbon sequestration stores carbon dioxide to prevent atmospheric release.
77. **El Niño** - Hiện tượng El Niño
  *Example*: El Niño can cause extreme weather patterns globally.
78. **La Niña** - Hiện tượng La Niña
  *Example*: La Niña often leads to cooler temperatures and heavy rainfall.
79. **Microplastic** - Vi nhựa
  *Example*: Microplastics pollute oceans and harm marine life.
80. **Climate finance** - Tài chính khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate finance supports projects to mitigate environmental damage.
81. **Energy conservation** - Bảo tồn năng lượng
  *Example*: Turning off lights when not in use promotes energy conservation.
82. **Climate adaptation** - Thích nghi khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate adaptation strategies help communities cope with rising temperatures.
83. **Green economy** - Kinh tế xanh
  *Example*: A green economy prioritizes sustainability and renewable resources.
84. **Thermal expansion** - Giãn nở nhiệt
  *Example*: Thermal expansion of seawater contributes to rising sea levels.
85. **Climate monitoring** - Giám sát khí hậu
  *Example*: Satellites are used for climate monitoring to track temperature changes.
86. **Carbon cycle** - Chu trình carbon
  *Example*: The carbon cycle regulates the flow of carbon through ecosystems.
87. **Climate skeptic** - Người hoài nghi khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate skeptics question the severity of global warming.
88. **Wind turbine** - Tua-bin gió
  *Example*: Wind turbines generate clean energy in windy regions.
89. **Global temperature** - Nhiệt độ toàn cầu
  *Example*: Global temperatures have risen by approximately 1.1°C since pre-industrial times.
90. **Climate agreement** - Thỏa thuận khí hậu
  *Example*: The Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming to below 2°C.
91. **Soil fertility** - Độ phì nhiêu của đất
  *Example*: Climate change can reduce soil fertility, affecting crop yields.
92. **Carbon emissions** - Phát thải carbon
  *Example*: Reducing carbon emissions is critical for slowing climate change.
93. **Climate mitigation** - Giảm thiểu khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate mitigation involves strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
94. **Eco-system services** - Dịch vụ hệ sinh thái
  *Example*: Forests provide ecosystem services like carbon storage and oxygen production.
95. **Climate variability** - Biến đổi khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate variability leads to unpredictable weather patterns.
96. **Hydrocarbon** - Hydrocacbon
  *Example*: Hydrocarbons in fossil fuels release carbon dioxide when burned.
97. **Climate modeling** - Mô phỏng khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate modeling helps predict future environmental changes.
98. **Energy audit** - Kiểm toán năng lượng
  *Example*: An energy audit identifies ways to improve energy efficiency in buildings.
99. **Climate literacy** - Kiến thức khí hậu
  *Example*: Climate literacy educates people about environmental challenges.
100. **Net zero** - Trung hòa carbon
  *Example*: Achieving net zero emissions is a global goal to combat climate change.