# IELTS Writing task 2 Positive or Negative environment

Nguồn: https://therealielts.vn/ielts-writing-positive-or-negative-environment/  
Tác giả: Tú Kiều Trọng — The Real IELTS  
Ngày đăng: 22/08/2024 · Cập nhật: 22/08/2024  
Chuyên mục: Cẩm nang IELTS Writing

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Đề bài IELTS Writing Task 2 dạng Positive or Negative environment

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task

The growing trend of urbanization and its impact on the environment. Do you think this is a positive or negative development?

Write at least 250 words.

## Giải mẫu đề [luyện thi IELTS](https://therealielts.vn/luyen-thi-ielts-online-va-offline-the-real-ielts/) Writing

The rapid **urbanization** occurring globally has brought about significant changes, particularly in terms of **economic development** and **lifestyle improvements**. However, this trend has also led to considerable **environmental challenges**. This essay will argue that while **urbanization** has its benefits, its negative **impact on the environment** makes it a development that should be approached with caution.

On the positive side, **urbanization** has undeniably fueled **economic growth**. The concentration of **industries**, **businesses**, and services in **urban** areas has created job opportunities, enhanced **infrastructure**, and improved **living standards** for many people. Moreover, **urban** areas tend to be hubs of **innovation**, where **technological advancements** and improved **public services** can be more easily implemented. These developments have led to a better **quality of life** for **urban** residents, with access to education, healthcare, and entertainment.

However, the **environmental consequences** of **urbanization** are profound and far-reaching. The expansion of cities often leads to **deforestation** and loss of **natural habitats**, which disrupts **ecosystems** and contributes to **biodiversity loss**. Additionally, **urban** areas are major contributors to **pollution**, including **air, water, and soil pollution**. The increase in **vehicular traffic** and **industrial activities** in cities results in higher **carbon emissions**, which exacerbates **climate change**. Furthermore, the high concentration of people in cities puts immense pressure on resources like water and energy, leading to their over-exploitation and **depletion**.

While some may argue that **urbanization** can lead to more efficient use of resources through **centralized systems**, the reality is that the **environmental degradation** it causes often outweighs these benefits. The strain on **infrastructure** in rapidly growing cities can also result in inadequate **waste management** and **sanitation issues**, further harming the **environment** and **public health**.

In conclusion, although **urbanization** brings **economic** and social benefits, its detrimental **impact on the environment** makes it a development that should be managed carefully. Policies that promote **sustainable urban growth**, such as **green building practices**, efficient **public transportation systems**, and the **preservation of green spaces**, are crucial in mitigating the negative **environmental** effects of **urbanization**. Therefore, while **urbanization** is not entirely negative, its positive aspects must be balanced with strong **environmental safeguards** to ensure a **sustainable future**.

## Thống kê cấu trúc câu và cấu trúc ngữ pháp

### Cấu trúc câu:

1. **Simple Sentence** (Câu đơn):
    - **Urbanization** has undeniably fueled **economic growth**.
    - **Urban** areas are major contributors to **pollution**.
2. **Compound Sentence** (Câu ghép):
    - The rapid **urbanization** occurring globally has brought about significant changes, **particularly** in terms of **economic development** and **lifestyle improvements**.
    - **Urbanization** has undeniably fueled **economic growth**, **and** improved **living standards** for many people.
3. **Complex Sentence** (Câu phức):
    - While **urbanization** has its benefits, its negative **impact on the environment** makes it a development that should be approached with caution.
    - The expansion of cities **often leads to** **deforestation** and **loss of natural habitats**, **which** disrupts **ecosystems** and contributes to **biodiversity loss**.
    - **Although** **urbanization** brings **economic** and social benefits, its detrimental **impact on the environment** makes it a development that should be managed carefully.
4. **Compound-Complex Sentence** (Câu phức-ghép):
    - **While** some may argue that **urbanization** can lead to more efficient use of resources through **centralized systems**, **the reality is** that the **environmental degradation** it causes often outweighs these benefits.

### Cấu trúc ngữ pháp:

1. **Present Simple Tense** (Thì hiện tại đơn):
    - **Urbanization** occurs globally.
    - **Urban** areas **tend to be** hubs of **innovation**.
2. **Passive Voice** (Câu bị động):
    - The negative **impact on the environment** **makes** it a development that **should be approached** with caution.
    - The high concentration of people in cities **puts** immense pressure on resources like water and energy, leading to their **over-exploitation** and **depletion**.
3. **Relative Clauses** (Mệnh đề quan hệ):
    - The expansion of cities often leads to **deforestation** and **loss of natural habitats**, **which** disrupts **ecosystems** and contributes to **biodiversity loss**.
4. **Conditional Clauses** (Câu điều kiện):
    - **While** **some may argue** that **urbanization** can lead to more efficient use of resources through **centralized systems**, the reality is that the **environmental degradation** it causes often outweighs these benefits.
5. **Concessive Clauses** (Mệnh đề nhượng bộ):
    - **Although** **urbanization** brings **economic** and social benefits, its detrimental **impact on the environment** makes it a development that should be managed carefully.
6. **Gerund Phrases** (Cụm danh động từ):
    - **The expansion of cities** often leads to **deforestation**.

### Từ nối (Linking Words):

1. **Adding Information** (Thêm thông tin):
    - **Moreover**
    - **Furthermore**
2. **Contrasting** (Tương phản):
    - **However**
    - **Although**
    - **While**
    - **On the other hand** (implicit in "However" and other contrasting structures)
3. **Cause and Effect** (Nguyên nhân và kết quả):
    - **Because**
    - **Result in**
    - **Lead to**
    - **Due to**
4. **Conclusion** (Kết luận):
    - **In conclusion**
    - **Therefore**

## Các từ vựng tiếng Anh cần lưu ý trong bài viết

1. **Urbanization** - Đô thị hóa
2. **Environmental impact** - Tác động đến môi trường
3. **Economic development** - Phát triển kinh tế
4. **Lifestyle improvements** - Cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống
5. **Environmental challenges** - Những thách thức về môi trường
6. **Economic growth** - Tăng trưởng kinh tế
7. **Industries** - Các ngành công nghiệp
8. **Businesses** - Doanh nghiệp
9. **Infrastructure** - Cơ sở hạ tầng
10. **Living standards** - Mức sống
11. **Innovation** - Sự đổi mới
12. **Technological advancements** - Tiến bộ công nghệ
13. **Public services** - Dịch vụ công
14. **Quality of life** - Chất lượng cuộc sống
15. **Deforestation** - Nạn phá rừng
16. **Natural habitats** - Môi trường sống tự nhiên
17. **Ecosystems** - Hệ sinh thái
18. **Biodiversity loss** - Sự mất đa dạng sinh học
19. **Pollution** - Ô nhiễm
20. **Air, water, and soil pollution** - Ô nhiễm không khí, nước, và đất
21. **Vehicular traffic** - Giao thông xe cộ
22. **Industrial activities** - Các hoạt động công nghiệp
23. **Carbon emissions** - Khí thải carbon
24. **Climate change** - Biến đổi khí hậu
25. **Resource exploitation** - Khai thác tài nguyên
26. **Depletion** - Sự cạn kiệt
27. **Centralized systems** - Hệ thống tập trung
28. **Environmental degradation** - Sự suy thoái môi trường
29. **Waste management** - Quản lý chất thải
30. **Sanitation issues** - Vấn đề vệ sinh
31. **Public health** - Sức khỏe cộng đồng
32. **Sustainable urban growth** - Sự phát triển đô thị bền vững
33. **Green building practices** - Các phương pháp xây dựng xanh
34. **Efficient public transportation systems** - Hệ thống giao thông công cộng hiệu quả
35. **Preservation of green spaces** - Bảo tồn các không gian xanh
36. **Environmental safeguards** - Các biện pháp bảo vệ môi trường
37. **Sustainable future** - Tương lai bền vững

Đọc thêm bài viết: **[Cách làm bài thi IELTS Writing Task 2](https://therealielts.vn/cach-lam-bai-thi-ielts-writing-task-2/)**.