# Lý Thuyết về Reported Speech và 100 câu bài tập

Nguồn: https://therealielts.vn/ly-thuyet-ve-reported-speech/  
Tác giả: Tú Kiều Trọng — The Real IELTS  
Ngày đăng: 13/06/2024 · Cập nhật: 13/06/2024  
Chuyên mục: IELTS Grammar

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Reported Speech, còn gọi là câu tường thuật hoặc câu gián tiếp, là cách thuật lại lời nói của ai đó mà không trích dẫn nguyên văn. Nó thường yêu cầu sự thay đổi về đại từ, thời gian và các từ chỉ nơi chốn.

## Lý Thuyết về Reported Speech

### Các quy tắc chuyển đổi

#### Đại từ

- **Chủ ngữ và tân ngữ**: Thay đổi theo ngữ cảnh của câu tường thuật.
    - Ví dụ: "I am happy," she said. → She said (that) she was happy.

#### Thời gian

- **Đổi thời gian trong câu tường thuật**:
    - Hiện tại đơn → Quá khứ đơn: "I like apples," he said. → He said (that) he liked apples.
    - Hiện tại tiếp diễn → Quá khứ tiếp diễn: "I am eating," she said. → She said (that) she was eating.
    - Hiện tại hoàn thành → Quá khứ hoàn thành: "I have seen this movie," he said. → He said (that) he had seen that movie.
    - Quá khứ đơn → Quá khứ hoàn thành: "I saw her," he said. → He said (that) he had seen her.
    - Quá khứ tiếp diễn → Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn: "I was reading," she said. → She said (that) she had been reading.
    - Tương lai đơn → Tương lai trong quá khứ: "I will go," he said. → He said (that) he would go.

#### Các từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn

- now → then
- today → that day
- yesterday → the day before
- tomorrow → the next/following day
- here → there
- this → that
- these → those

#### Các loại câu tường thuật

#### Statements (Câu trần thuật)

- Cấu trúc: S + said (that) + S + V (lùi thì)
    - Ví dụ: "I am tired," she said. → She said (that) she was tired.

1. "I am hungry," he said. → He said (that) he was hungry.
2. "They are coming," she said. → She said (that) they were coming.
3. "I don't know," John said. → John said (that) he didn't know.
4. "She is very kind," they said. → They said (that) she was very kind.
5. "We are tired," the kids said. → The kids said (that) they were tired.
6. "I will help you," she said. → She said (that) she would help me.
7. "I can't find my keys," he said. → He said (that) he couldn't find his keys.
8. "They have already left," she said. → She said (that) they had already left.
9. "I am doing my homework," the boy said. → The boy said (that) he was doing his homework.
10. "We are going to the park," they said. → They said (that) they were going to the park.
11. "I have finished the project," he said. → He said (that) he had finished the project.
12. "She doesn't like coffee," Mary said. → Mary said (that) she didn't like coffee.
13. "I can speak French," he said. → He said (that) he could speak French.
14. "We are watching a movie," they said. → They said (that) they were watching a movie.
15. "She is reading a book," he said. → He said (that) she was reading a book.
16. "I will call you tomorrow," she said. → She said (that) she would call me tomorrow.
17. "They have seen the movie," he said. → He said (that) they had seen the movie.
18. "I was at the party last night," John said. → John said (that) he had been at the party last night.
19. "We are meeting at 8 PM," she said. → She said (that) they were meeting at 8 PM.
20. "He will be there," she said. → She said (that) he would be there.
21. "I haven't finished yet," he said. → He said (that) he hadn't finished yet.
22. "She was very tired," they said. → They said (that) she had been very tired.
23. "I can drive," she said. → She said (that) she could drive.
24. "We are planning a trip," he said. → He said (that) they were planning a trip.
25. "They have gone home," she said. → She said (that) they had gone home.
26. "I don't understand," she said. → She said (that) she didn't understand.
27. "He was cooking dinner," John said. → John said (that) he had been cooking dinner.
28. "We are leaving now," they said. → They said (that) they were leaving now.
29. "She can sing very well," he said. → He said (that) she could sing very well.
30. "I have lost my wallet," he said. → He said (that) he had lost his wallet.
31. "They were waiting for you," she said. → She said (that) they had been waiting for me.
32. "I will meet you later," he said. → He said (that) he would meet me later.
33. "She has never been to Paris," they said. → They said (that) she had never been to Paris.
34. "We are having dinner," she said. → She said (that) they were having dinner.
35. "I need a break," he said. → He said (that) he needed a break.
36. "They were playing football," she said. → She said (that) they had been playing football.
37. "I will give you the book," he said. → He said (that) he would give me the book.
38. "She had already left," they said. → They said (that) she had already left.
39. "I am learning Spanish," she said. → She said (that) she was learning Spanish.
40. "We will visit you soon," they said. → They said (that) they would visit me soon.
41. "I can finish the task," he said. → He said (that) he could finish the task.
42. "She had lost her keys," they said. → They said (that) she had lost her keys.
43. "I am feeling sick," she said. → She said (that) she was feeling sick.
44. "They are moving to New York," he said. → He said (that) they were moving to New York.
45. "I will talk to him," she said. → She said (that) she would talk to him.
46. "We have been waiting for hours," they said. → They said (that) they had been waiting for hours.
47. "She is studying for the exam," he said. → He said (that) she was studying for the exam.
48. "I need to call my parents," she said. → She said (that) she needed to call her parents.
49. "They were traveling last week," he said. → He said (that) they had been traveling last week.
50. "I will send you the details," she said. → She said (that) she would send me the details.
51. "He has already eaten," they said. → They said (that) he had already eaten.
52. "We are thinking about it," he said. → He said (that) they were thinking about it.
53. "I had forgotten the address," she said. → She said (that) she had forgotten the address.
54. "They will arrive tomorrow," he said. → He said (that) they would arrive tomorrow.
55. "She is cooking dinner," they said. → They said (that) she was cooking dinner.
56. "I have never seen that movie," she said. → She said (that) she had never seen that movie.
57. "We are going shopping," he said. → He said (that) they were going shopping.
58. "He can fix the car," she said. → She said (that) he could fix the car.
59. "They have been here before," he said. → He said (that) they had been here before.
60. "I am waiting for the bus," she said. → She said (that) she was waiting for the bus.
61. "We will finish it soon," they said. → They said (that) they would finish it soon.
62. "She had been crying," he said. → He said (that) she had been crying.
63. "I am going to bed," she said. → She said (that) she was going to bed.
64. "They are fixing the roof," he said. → He said (that) they were fixing the roof.
65. "I will attend the meeting," she said. → She said (that) she would attend the meeting.
66. "We have completed the project," they said. → They said (that) they had completed the project.
67. "She is talking to her boss," he said. → He said (that) she was talking to her boss.
68. "I need more time," she said. → She said (that) she needed more time.
69. "They had been working all day," he said. → He said (that) they had been working all day.
70. "I will tell him the news," she said. → She said (that) she would tell him the news.
71. "He has forgotten his wallet," they said. → They said (that) he had forgotten his wallet.
72. "We are going to the cinema," he said. → He said (that) they were going to the cinema.
73. "I can explain everything," she said. → She said (that) she could explain everything.
74. "They have arrived," he said. → He said (that) they had arrived.
75. "I am working on a new project," she said. → She said (that) she was working on a new project.
76. "We will call you later," they said. → They said (that) they would call me later.
77. "She had finished her homework," he said. → He said (that) she had finished her homework.
78. "I am not feeling well," she said. → She said (that) she was not feeling well.
79. "They are staying at a hotel," he said. → He said (that) they were staying at a hotel.
80. "I will give you a ride," she said. → She said (that) she would give me a ride.
81. "He has already left the office," they said. → They said (that) he had already left the office.
82. "We are waiting for the results," he said. → He said (that) they were waiting for the results.
83. "She had gone to the store," they said. → They said (that) she had gone to the store.
84. "I am looking for my glasses," she said. → She said (that) she was looking for her glasses.
85. "They will be back soon," he said. → He said (that) they would be back soon.
86. "I have never been to London," she said. → She said (that) she had never been to London.
87. "We are planning a surprise," they said. → They said (that) they were planning a surprise.
88. "He can play the piano," she said. → She said (that) he could play the piano.
89. "I had forgotten about the meeting," he said. → He said (that) he had forgotten about the meeting.
90. "She is working late tonight," they said. → They said (that) she was working late tonight.
91. "We will go hiking tomorrow," he said. → He said (that) they would go hiking tomorrow.
92. "I am feeling better now," she said. → She said (that) she was feeling better now.
93. "They are arriving in the morning," he said. → He said (that) they were arriving in the morning.
94. "I will clean the house," she said. → She said (that) she would clean the house.
95. "He has finished his assignment," they said. → They said (that) he had finished his assignment.
96. "We are taking a break," he said. → He said (that) they were taking a break.
97. "She had already gone to bed," they said. → They said (that) she had already gone to bed.
98. "I am learning how to swim," she said. → She said (that) she was learning how to swim.
99. "They will attend the event," he said. → He said (that) they would attend the event.
100. "I have lost my phone," she said. → She said (that) she had lost her phone.

![ly-thuyet-ve-reported-speech-1](https://therealielts.vn/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/ly-thuyet-ve-reported-speech-1.jpg)

#### Questions (Câu hỏi)

- Yes/No questions: S + asked (if/whether) + S + V (lùi thì)
    - Ví dụ: "Do you like music?" he asked. → He asked if I liked music.
- Wh- questions: S + asked + Wh- + S + V (lùi thì)
    - Ví dụ: "Where do you live?" she asked. → She asked where I lived.

#### Commands (Mệnh lệnh)

- Positive commands: S + told + O + to + V
    - Ví dụ: "Close the door," he said. → He told me to close the door.
- Negative commands: S + told + O + not to + V
    - Ví dụ: "Don't touch it," she said. → She told me not to touch it.

## Bài Tập Luyện Tập

### Gap Filling Exercises

1. "I am watching TV," he said. → He said (that) he ____ watching TV.
2. "She will come tomorrow," he said. → He said (that) she ____ come the next day.
3. "We went to the cinema," she said. → She said (that) they ____ to the cinema.
4. "I have finished my homework," John said. → John said (that) he ____ finished his homework.
5. "Are you coming with us?" they asked. → They asked if I ____ coming with them.
6. "What is your name?" she asked. → She asked what ____ name was.
7. "Don't open the door," he said. → He told me ____ open the door.
8. "Why did you do that?" she asked. → She asked why I ____ done that.
9. "I can speak English," she said. → She said (that) she ____ speak English.
10. "He is reading a book," she said. → She said (that) he ____ reading a book.
11. "We are going shopping," they said. → They said (that) they ____ going shopping.
12. "I need your help," she said. → She said (that) she ____ my help.
13. "He was very tired," she said. → She said (that) he ____ very tired.
14. "Will you visit us?" they asked. → They asked if I ____ visit them.
15. "She has never been there," he said. → He said (that) she ____ never been there.
16. "Where do you live?" he asked. → He asked where I ____.
17. "Do not be late," he said. → He told me ____ be late.
18. "Why are you crying?" she asked. → She asked why I ____ crying.
19. "I must go now," he said. → He said (that) he ____ go then.
20. "They were playing football," he said. → He said (that) they ____ playing football.
21. "Are you tired?" he asked. → He asked if I ____ tired.
22. "What did she say?" he asked. → He asked what she ____.
23. "Don't touch that," he said. → He told me ____ touch that.
24. "Why haven't you called me?" she asked. → She asked why I ____ called her.
25. "I will see you soon," she said. → She said (that) she ____ see me soon.
26. "He is cooking dinner," she said. → She said (that) he ____ cooking dinner.
27. "We can meet tomorrow," they said. → They said (that) they ____ meet the next day.
28. "She was sleeping," he said. → He said (that) she ____ sleeping.
29. "Are you happy?" she asked. → She asked if I ____ happy.
30. "When will you arrive?" he asked. → He asked when I ____ arrive.
31. "Don't make noise," she said. → She told us ____ make noise.
32. "Why are you late?" he asked. → He asked why I ____ late.
33. "I have to leave early," she said. → She said (that) she ____ to leave early.
34. "They were not at home," he said. → He said (that) they ____ not at home.
35. "Do you understand?" she asked. → She asked if I ____ understand.
36. "What are you doing?" he asked. → He asked what I ____ doing.
37. "Don't forget to call me," she said. → She told me ____ forget to call her.
38. "Why did you leave?" he asked. → He asked why I ____ left.
39. "I will finish it later," she said. → She said (that) she ____ finish it later.
40. "He is not feeling well," she said. → She said (that) he ____ not feeling well.
41. "Are they coming?" he asked. → He asked if they ____ coming.
42. "What have you done?" she asked. → She asked what I ____ done.
43. "Don't go outside," he said. → He told us ____ go outside.
44. "Why were you absent?" she asked. → She asked why I ____ absent.
45. "I will call you," he said. → He said (that) he ____ call me.
46. "She is working now," he said. → He said (that) she ____ working then.
47. "Can you help me?" she asked. → She asked if I ____ help her.
48. "Where have you been?" he asked. → He asked where I ____ been.
49. "Don't tell anyone," she said. → She told me ____ tell anyone.
50. "Why did you cry?" he asked. → He asked why I ____ cried.
51. "I will be there soon," she said. → She said (that) she ____ be there soon.
52. "He was here yesterday," she said. → She said (that) he ____ there the day before.
53. "Are you busy?" he asked. → He asked if I ____ busy.
54. "What are you thinking about?" she asked. → She asked what I ____ thinking about.
55. "Don't lose your keys," he said. → He told me ____ lose my keys.
56. "Why haven't you finished?" she asked. → She asked why I ____ finished.
57. "I will tell you later," he said. → He said (that) he ____ tell me later.
58. "She is going to the market," he said. → He said (that) she ____ going to the market.
59. "Can they come?" she asked. → She asked if they ____ come.
60. "Where are you going?" he asked. → He asked where I ____ going.
61. "Don't be angry," she said. → She told me ____ be angry.
62. "Why are you shouting?" he asked. → He asked why I ____ shouting.
63. "I must stay here," she said. → She said (that) she ____ stay there.
64. "They were at the party," he said. → He said (that) they ____ at the party.
65. "Do you know the answer?" she asked. → She asked if I ____ the answer.
66. "What will you do?" he asked. → He asked what I ____ do.
67. "Don't wait for me," she said. → She told me ____ wait for her.
68. "Why are you laughing?" he asked. → He asked why I ____ laughing.
69. "I will pay you back," she said. → She said (that) she ____ pay me back.
70. "He is not at home," she said. → She said (that) he ____ not at home.
71. "Can you hear me?" he asked. → He asked if I ____ hear him.
72. "Where did you buy this?" she asked. → She asked where I ____ bought that.
73. "Don't drink that," he said. → He told me ____ drink that.
74. "Why did you call me?" she asked. → She asked why I ____ called her.
75. "I will fix it," he said. → He said (that) he ____ fix it.
76. "She is my friend," he said. → He said (that) she ____ his friend.
77. "Can you see them?" she asked. → She asked if I ____ see them.
78. "Where were you?" he asked. → He asked where I ____.
79. "Don't waste your time," she said. → She told me ____ waste my time.
80. "Why haven't you replied?" he asked. → He asked why I ____ replied.
81. "I will bring it tomorrow," she said. → She said (that) she ____ bring it the next day.
82. "He was in the garden," she said. → She said (that) he ____ in the garden.
83. "Are you coming tomorrow?" he asked. → He asked if I ____ coming the next day.
84. "What did you find?" she asked. → She asked what I ____ found.
85. "Don't move," he said. → He told me ____ move.
86. "Why are you here?" she asked. → She asked why I ____ there.
87. "I will be there at 6," he said. → He said (that) he ____ be there at 6.
88. "She is on the phone," he said. → He said (that) she ____ on the phone.
89. "Can you meet me?" she asked. → She asked if I ____ meet her.
90. "Where did you put it?" he asked. → He asked where I ____ put it.
91. "Don't forget your bag," she said. → She told me ____ forget my bag.
92. "Why are you silent?" he asked. → He asked why I ____ silent.
93. "I will write to you," she said. → She said (that) she ____ write to me.
94. "He was not there," she said. → She said (that) he ____ not there.
95. "Are you free now?" he asked. → He asked if I ____ free then.
96. "What did you do last night?" she asked. → She asked what I ____ done the night before.
97. "Don't go without me," he said. → He told me ____ go without him.
98. "Why haven't you told him?" she asked. → She asked why I ____ told him.
99. "I will always love you," he said. → He said (that) he ____ always love me.
100. "She is not working," he said. → He said (that) she ____ not working.

![ly-thuyet-ve-reported-speech-2](https://therealielts.vn/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/ly-thuyet-ve-reported-speech-2.jpg)

## Đáp án Reported Speech

1. He said (that) he **was** watching TV.
2. He said (that) she **would** come the next day.
3. She said (that) they **had gone** to the cinema.
4. John said (that) he **had** finished his homework.
5. They asked if I **was** coming with them.
6. She asked what **my** name was.
7. He told me **not to** open the door.
8. She asked why I **had** done that.
9. She said (that) she **could** speak English.
10. She said (that) he **was** reading a book.
11. They said (that) they **were** going shopping.
12. She said (that) she **needed** my help.
13. She said (that) he **had been** very tired.
14. They asked if I **would** visit them.
15. He said (that) she **had** never been there.
16. He asked where I **lived**.
17. He told me **not to** be late.
18. She asked why I **was** crying.
19. He said (that) he **had to** go then.
20. He said (that) they **had been** playing football.
21. He asked if I **was** tired.
22. He asked what she **had said**.
23. He told me **not to** touch that.
24. She asked why I **hadn't** called her.
25. She said (that) she **would** see me soon.
26. She said (that) he **was** cooking dinner.
27. They said (that) they **could** meet the next day.
28. He said (that) she **had been** sleeping.
29. She asked if I **was** happy.
30. He asked when I **would** arrive.
31. She told us **not to** make noise.
32. He asked why I **was** late.
33. She said (that) she **had** to leave early.
34. He said (that) they **had been** not at home.
35. She asked if I **knew** the answer.
36. He asked what I **was** doing.
37. She told me **not to** forget to call her.
38. He asked why I **had** left.
39. She said (that) she **would** finish it later.
40. She said (that) he **was** not feeling well.
41. He asked if they **were** coming.
42. She asked what I **had** done.
43. He told us **not to** go outside.
44. She asked why I **had been** absent.
45. He said (that) he **would** call me.
46. He said (that) she **was** working then.
47. She asked if I **could** help her.
48. He asked where I **had been**.
49. She told me **not to** tell anyone.
50. He asked why I **had** cried.
51. She said (that) she **would** be there soon.
52. She said (that) he **had been** there the day before.
53. He asked if I **was** busy.
54. She asked what I **was** thinking about.
55. He told me **not to** lose my keys.
56. She asked why I **hadn't** finished.
57. He said (that) he **would** tell me later.
58. He said (that) she **was** going to the market.
59. She asked if they **could** come.
60. He asked where I **was** going.
61. She told me **not to** be angry.
62. He asked why I **was** shouting.
63. She said (that) she **had to** stay there.
64. He said (that) they **had been** at the party.
65. She asked if I **knew** the answer.
66. He asked what I **would** do.
67. She told me **not to** wait for her.
68. He asked why I **was** laughing.
69. She said (that) she **would** pay me back.
70. She said (that) he **was** not at home.
71. He asked if I **could** hear him.
72. She asked where I **had bought** that.
73. He told me **not to** drink that.
74. She asked why I **had** called her.
75. He said (that) he **would** fix it.
76. He said (that) she **was** his friend.
77. She asked if I **could** see them.
78. He asked where I **had been**.
79. She told me **not to** waste my time.
80. He asked why I **hadn't** replied.
81. She said (that) she **would** bring it the next day.
82. She said (that) he **had been** in the garden.
83. He asked if I **was** coming the next day.
84. She asked what I **had** found.
85. He told me **not to** move.
86. She asked why I **was** there.
87. He said (that) he **would** be there at 6.
88. He said (that) she **was** on the phone.
89. She asked if I **could** meet her.
90. He asked where I **had put** it.
91. She told me **not to** forget my bag.
92. He asked why I **was** silent.
93. She said (that) she **would** write to me.
94. She said (that) he **was** not there.
95. He asked if I **was** free then.
96. She asked what I **had** done the night before.
97. He told me **not to** go without him.
98. She asked why I **hadn't** told him.
99. He said (that) he **would** always love me.
100. He said (that) she **was** not working.

Học lại bài cũ: **[Lý thuyết về Expressing Purpose và 100 bài tập](https://therealielts.vn/ly-thuyet-ve-expressing-purpose/)**.