Sự khác biệt giữa thì tương lai đơn và thì tương lai gần

Thì tương lai đơn (Simple Future Tense) và thì tương lai gần (Near Future Tense) đều được sử dụng để diễn tả các hành động hoặc sự kiện sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai, nhưng chúng có những điểm khác biệt quan trọng về cấu trúc, cách sử dụng và ngữ cảnh.

Luyện tập thêm về Thì Tương Lai Đơn (Future Simple Tense) và 100 bài tập

Tìm về Cách sử dụng cơ bản của thì tương lai đơn.

Cấu trúc thì tương lai đơn và thì tương lai gần

• Thì tương lai đơn:
  • Cấu trúc: S+will+V1S+will+V1
  • Ví dụ: “I will go to the store tomorrow.”
• Thì tương lai gần:
  • Cấu trúc: S+am/is/aregoingto+V1S+am/is/aregoingto+V1
  • Ví dụ: “I am going to visit my friend next week.”

Cách sử dụng tương lai đơn và thì tương lai gần

• Thì tương lai đơn:
  • Diễn tả quyết định tự phát ngay tại thời điểm nói, ví dụ: “I will help you with that.”
  • Dùng để đưa ra lời hứa hoặc đề nghị, ví dụ: “We will take care of it.”
  • Thường không có kế hoạch cụ thể trước đó.
• Thì tương lai gần:
  • Diễn tả hành động đã được lên kế hoạch hoặc dự đoán trước, ví dụ: “She is going to start a new job next month.”
  • Thể hiện sự chắc chắn hơn về một hành động trong tương lai, thường có căn cứ cụ thể.

Dấu hiệu nhận biết tương lai đơn và thì tương lai gần

• Thì tương lai đơn:
  • Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian như: tomorrow, next week, next month.
  • Các động từ thể hiện ý kiến như think, believe thường xuất hiện trong câu.
• Thì tương lai gần:
  • Cũng sử dụng các trạng từ chỉ thời gian tương tự như thì tương lai đơn nhưng thường đi kèm với các kế hoạch cụ thể.
  • Có thể xuất hiện các từ như “going to” để nhấn mạnh rằng hành động đã được lên kế hoạch trước đó.

Tóm tắt tương lai đơn và thì tương lai gần

Hiểu rõ sự khác biệt giữa hai thì này sẽ giúp bạn sử dụng chúng một cách chính xác trong giao tiếp và viết tiếng Anh.

Khi nào nên sử dụng thì tương lai đơn thay vì thì tương lai gần

Khi sử dụng thì tương lai đơn (Simple Future Tense) thay vì thì tương lai gần (Near Future Tense), bạn nên lưu ý đến các tình huống cụ thể mà mỗi thì thích hợp hơn. Dưới đây là một số trường hợp chính:

1. Quyết định tự phát

Thì tương lai đơn thường được sử dụng khi bạn đưa ra một quyết định ngay tại thời điểm nói. Ví dụ:

• “I will help you with your homework.” (Tôi sẽ giúp bạn với bài tập về nhà của bạn.)

2. Dự đoán không có căn cứ cụ thể

Sử dụng thì tương lai đơn khi bạn muốn diễn tả một dự đoán hoặc niềm tin về tương lai mà không có căn cứ rõ ràng. Ví dụ:

• “I think it will rain tomorrow.” (Tôi nghĩ rằng ngày mai sẽ mưa.)

3. Lời hứa hoặc đề nghị

Thì này cũng thích hợp để đưa ra lời hứa, lời đề nghị hoặc thậm chí là đe dọa. Ví dụ:

• “I will call you later.” (Tôi sẽ gọi cho bạn sau.)

4. Hành động không có kế hoạch cụ thể

Nếu hành động trong tương lai không được lên kế hoạch trước và chỉ được quyết định tại thời điểm nói, thì nên dùng thì tương lai đơn. Ví dụ:

• “I will go to the store.” (Tôi sẽ đi đến cửa hàng.)

5. Hành động có khả năng xảy ra thấp

Thì tương lai đơn cũng có thể được sử dụng khi khả năng hành động xảy ra là khoảng 50%, nghĩa là không chắc chắn. Ví dụ:

• “She might come to the party.” (Cô ấy có thể đến bữa tiệc.)

Trường hợp nào thì tương lai gần được sử dụng nhiều hơn thì tương lai đơn không

1. Kế hoạch đã được lên trước

Thì tương lai gần được dùng khi hành động đã được lên kế hoạch hoặc chuẩn bị từ trước. Ví dụ:

• “I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.” (Tôi sẽ thăm ông bà vào cuối tuần này.)

2. Dự đoán có căn cứ

Khi có căn cứ rõ ràng hoặc dấu hiệu cho thấy một hành động sẽ xảy ra, thì tương lai gần là lựa chọn tốt hơn. Ví dụ:

• “It looks like it is going to rain.” (Có vẻ như trời sắp mưa.)

3. Hành động xảy ra trong thời gian ngắn

Thì tương lai gần thường được sử dụng cho những hành động sẽ xảy ra trong thời gian sắp tới, gần với hiện tại hơn. Ví dụ:

• “She is going to start her new job tomorrow.” (Cô ấy sẽ bắt đầu công việc mới vào ngày mai.)

4. Hành động có tính chắc chắn cao

Nếu bạn cảm thấy hành động sẽ xảy ra với độ chắc chắn cao, thì tương lai gần là lựa chọn thích hợp hơn. Ví dụ:

• “We are going to have a meeting at 3 PM.” (Chúng ta sẽ có một cuộc họp vào lúc 3 giờ chiều.)

5. Thể hiện sự chuẩn bị hoặc dự định cụ thể

Khi bạn muốn nhấn mạnh rằng một hành động đã được chuẩn bị hoặc dự định cụ thể, thì tương lai gần là lựa chọn tốt hơn. Ví dụ:

• “I am going to cook dinner tonight.” (Tôi sẽ nấu bữa tối tối nay.)

Có những trường hợp nào thì tương lai đơn và tương lai gần được sử dụng cùng nhau

1. Kết hợp giữa dự đoán và quyết định

Trong một câu, bạn có thể sử dụng thì tương lai gần để diễn tả một hành động đã được lên kế hoạch và thì tương lai đơn để đưa ra một dự đoán hoặc quyết định tại thời điểm nói. Ví dụ:

• “I am going to start my homework now, but I think I will finish it later.” (Tôi sẽ bắt đầu làm bài tập về nhà ngay bây giờ, nhưng tôi nghĩ rằng tôi sẽ hoàn thành nó sau.)

2. Hành động đã lên kế hoạch với sự thay đổi

Khi có một kế hoạch đã được thiết lập nhưng có sự thay đổi hoặc quyết định mới được đưa ra, bạn có thể sử dụng cả hai thì. Ví dụ:

• “I was going to visit my friend this weekend, but I will go next week instead.” (Tôi đã định thăm bạn vào cuối tuần này, nhưng tôi sẽ đi vào tuần tới thay vào đó.)

3. Nhấn mạnh sự chắc chắn và tự phát

Bạn có thể sử dụng thì tương lai gần để nhấn mạnh rằng một hành động đã được dự kiến, trong khi thì tương lai đơn được dùng để thể hiện một quyết định tự phát. Ví dụ:

• “We are going to watch a movie tonight, but if it rains, I will stay home.” (Chúng tôi sẽ xem phim tối nay, nhưng nếu trời mưa, tôi sẽ ở nhà.)

4. Diễn tả kế hoạch và lời hứa

Khi bạn đã có kế hoạch nhưng cũng muốn đưa ra lời hứa hoặc cam kết, cả hai thì có thể được sử dụng. Ví dụ:

• “I am going to help you with your project tomorrow, and I will make sure it gets done on time.” (Tôi sẽ giúp bạn với dự án của bạn vào ngày mai, và tôi sẽ đảm bảo nó hoàn thành đúng hạn.)

100 bài tập về thì Tương Lai Đơn (Future Simple)

1. I (go) __________ to the party tomorrow.
2. She (call) __________ you later.
3. They (arrive) __________ at 6 p.m. tonight.
4. He (not/finish) __________ his homework in time.
5. We (visit) __________ our grandparents next weekend.
6. You (help) __________ me with this project?
7. My brother (not/play) __________ football this evening.
8. I (be) __________ back in an hour.
9. The train (leave) __________ at 9 a.m. tomorrow.
10. She (cook) __________ dinner for us tonight.
11. They (not/attend) __________ the meeting next week.
12. I (meet) __________ you at the station.
13. He (study) __________ harder for the next test.
14. We (not/go) __________ to the beach this weekend.
15. You (lend) __________ me your book?
16. She (buy) __________ a new car next month.
17. The team (win) __________ the match tomorrow.
18. I (send) __________ you an email soon.
19. They (not/return) __________ until late tonight.
20. He (fix) __________ the computer for you.

21. I (wait) __________ for you here.
22. She (not/answer) __________ the phone tonight.
23. We (visit) __________ Paris next summer.
24. You (ask) __________ him about the meeting?
25. They (build) __________ a new house next year.
26. The teacher (explain) __________ the lesson again.
27. He (not/forget) __________ her birthday.
28. I (watch) __________ that movie later.
29. She (prepare) __________ everything for the trip.
30. We (not/join) __________ the competition this year.
31. He (take) __________ the exam in December.
32. You (call) __________ me tomorrow?
33. They (not/complete) __________ the project on time.
34. She (write) __________ a novel next year.
35. We (fly) __________ to Japan next month.
36. He (not/help) __________ us with the cleaning.
37. I (plan) __________ my vacation next week.
38. They (attend) __________ the wedding on Saturday.
39. She (not/speak) __________ at the conference.
40. He (start) __________ a new job soon.

41. I (show) __________ you how to solve this problem.
42. She (not/agree) __________ with his decision.
43. We (try) __________ a new restaurant next Friday.
44. They (launch) __________ the product next quarter.
45. You (tell) __________ him the truth?
46. He (return) __________ from his trip next Tuesday.
47. I (not/participate) __________ in the event.
48. She (prepare) __________ a presentation for the meeting.
49. We (climb) __________ the mountain in the summer.
50. They (organize) __________ a charity event next month.
51. I (not/buy) __________ a new phone this year.
52. He (explain) __________ the details later.
53. We (paint) __________ the house this weekend.
54. You (join) __________ us for dinner tonight?
55. They (not/visit) __________ us until next year.
56. She (learn) __________ how to swim next summer.
57. He (not/take) __________ the bus tomorrow.
58. I (apply) __________ for the scholarship soon.
59. We (start) __________ a new project next month.
60. They (not/sell) __________ their car.

61. She (attend) __________ the workshop next Saturday.
62. He (arrange) __________ the meeting.
63. I (not/see) __________ him this week.
64. We (decide) __________ later about the trip.
65. They (not/visit) __________ us this holiday.
66. You (bring) __________ the documents tomorrow?
67. She (explain) __________ everything to us.
68. He (call) __________ you tonight.
69. We (move) __________ to a new apartment soon.
70. They (not/agree) __________ with your proposal.
71. I (learn) __________ a new language next year.
72. She (not/wear) __________ that dress again.
73. He (fix) __________ the leaking faucet tomorrow.
74. You (attend) __________ the meeting on Monday?
75. They (arrange) __________ the conference next week.
76. I (not/travel) __________ abroad this summer.
77. She (not/visit) __________ her family until Christmas.
78. He (plan) __________ to open a business soon.
79. We (not/finish) __________ this report on time.
80. They (celebrate) __________ their anniversary next month.
81. You (tell) __________ me the news later?
82. She (write) __________ a letter to her friend.
83. He (not/leave) __________ the office until late.
84. We (organize) __________ a party next weekend.
85. They (not/accept) __________ the invitation.
86. I (study) __________ more for the exam.
87. She (not/return) __________ until next Friday.
88. He (help) __________ us with the preparations.
89. You (buy) __________ a gift for her birthday?
90. They (not/pay) __________ the bill until tomorrow.
91. I (visit) __________ my cousins next week.
92. She (not/agree) __________ to join the team.
93. He (choose) __________ the destination for the trip.
94. We (not/change) __________ our plans.
95. They (prepare) __________ a surprise for us.
96. I (call) __________ the repairman soon.
97. She (not/dance) __________ at the party.
98. He (watch) __________ the game tonight.
99. We (not/participate) __________ in the race.
100. They (invite) __________ us to their housewarming.

Đáp án

thì Tương Lai Đơn:

1. I will go to the party tomorrow.
2. She will call you later.
3. They will arrive at 6 p.m. tonight.
4. He will not finish his homework in time.
5. We will visit our grandparents next weekend.
6. Will you help me with this project?
7. My brother will not play football this evening.
8. I will be back in an hour.
9. The train will leave at 9 a.m. tomorrow.
10. She will cook dinner for us tonight.
11. They will not attend the meeting next week.
12. I will meet you at the station.
13. He will study harder for the next test.
14. We will not go to the beach this weekend.
15. Will you lend me your book?
16. She will buy a new car next month.
17. The team will win the match tomorrow.
18. I will send you an email soon.
19. They will not return until late tonight.
20. He will fix the computer for you.

21. I will wait for you here.
22. She will not answer the phone tonight.
23. We will visit Paris next summer.
24. Will you ask him about the meeting?
25. They will build a new house next year.
26. The teacher will explain the lesson again.
27. He will not forget her birthday.
28. I will watch that movie later.
29. She will prepare everything for the trip.
30. We will not join the competition this year.
31. He will take the exam in December.
32. Will you call me tomorrow?
33. They will not complete the project on time.
34. She will write a novel next year.
35. We will fly to Japan next month.
36. He will not help us with the cleaning.
37. I will plan my vacation next week.
38. They will attend the wedding on Saturday.
39. She will not speak at the conference.
40. He will start a new job soon.

41. I will show you how to solve this problem.
42. She will not agree with his decision.
43. We will try a new restaurant next Friday.
44. They will launch the product next quarter.
45. Will you tell him the truth?
46. He will return from his trip next Tuesday.
47. I will not participate in the event.
48. She will prepare a presentation for the meeting.
49. We will climb the mountain in the summer.
50. They will organize a charity event next month.
51. I will not buy a new phone this year.
52. He will explain the details later.
53. We will paint the house this weekend.
54. Will you join us for dinner tonight?
55. They will not visit us until next year.
56. She will learn how to swim next summer.
57. He will not take the bus tomorrow.
58. I will apply for the scholarship soon.
59. We will start a new project next month.
60. They will not sell their car.

61. She will attend the workshop next Saturday.
62. He will arrange the meeting.
63. I will not see him this week.
64. We will decide later about the trip.
65. They will not visit us this holiday.
66. Will you bring the documents tomorrow?
67. She will explain everything to us.
68. He will call you tonight.
69. We will move to a new apartment soon.
70. They will not agree with your proposal.
71. I will learn a new language next year.
72. She will not wear that dress again.
73. He will fix the leaking faucet tomorrow.
74. Will you attend the meeting on Monday?
75. They will arrange the conference next week.
76. I will not travel abroad this summer.
77. She will not visit her family until Christmas.
78. He will plan to open a business soon.
79. We will not finish this report on time.
80. They will celebrate their anniversary next month.

81. Will you tell me the news later?
82. She will write a letter to her friend.
83. He will not leave the office until late.
84. We will organize a party next weekend.
85. They will not accept the invitation.
86. I will study more for the exam.
87. She will not return until next Friday.
88. He will help us with the preparations.
89. Will you buy a gift for her birthday?
90. They will not pay the bill until tomorrow.
91. I will visit my cousins next week.
92. She will not agree to join the team.
93. He will choose the destination for the trip.
94. We will not change our plans.
95. They will prepare a surprise for us.
96. I will call the repairman soon.
97. She will not dance at the party.
98. He will watch the game tonight.
99. We will not participate in the race.
100. They will invite us to their housewarming.

100 bài tập về thì Tương Lai Gần

1. They (move) ______ to a new apartment next week.
2. I (visit) ______ my grandparents tomorrow afternoon.
3. We (not/go) ______ to the park this evening.
4. She (call) ______ her best friend tonight.
5. You (take) ______ part in the competition next month?
6. He (buy) ______ a new laptop next week.
7. The kids (not/finish) ______ their homework before dinner.
8. My brother (start) ______ his new job next Monday.
9. I (not/attend) ______ the meeting tomorrow.
10. What (you/do) ______ this weekend?
11. The train (leave) ______ at 7:30 a.m. tomorrow.
12. They (celebrate) ______ their anniversary next Saturday.
13. I (not/prepare) ______ dinner tonight because we’ll eat out.
14. Who (you/invite) ______ to the birthday party?
15. My parents (travel) ______ to Paris this summer.
16. We (not/watch) ______ TV tonight because we have a lot of work to do.
17. She (spend) ______ her holidays in Da Nang.
18. He (not/visit) ______ his relatives this weekend.
19. What time (we/meet) ______ tomorrow?
20. The teacher (explain) ______ the new topic next class.

21. She has decided to join the dance club.
22. They are planning to renovate their house.
23. I have made a decision to study abroad next year.
24. He intends to buy a new car soon.
25. The school will organize a field trip next month.
26. We plan to have dinner together this evening.
27. She’s going to take an art class.
28. They intend to move to a bigger city.
29. My father has decided to quit smoking.
30. The children are preparing for a big concert.
31. I have made arrangements to meet my friends tomorrow.
32. We’re going to visit a museum this weekend.
33. He plans to start a new project soon.
34. They have decided to go hiking next Sunday.
35. The company is organizing a charity event.
36. My mom intends to bake a cake tonight.
37. We’re going to hold a meeting next week.
38. I have decided to learn how to cook.
39. They are going to decorate the house for Christmas.
40. She plans to spend her summer in Japan.

41. I ________ (not/study) for the exam this evening because I’m too tired.
42. ________ (you/meet) your classmates after school?
43. They ________ (build) a new shopping mall in our neighborhood soon.
44. My brother ________ (not/play) basketball tomorrow morning.
45. She ________ (take) a taxi to the airport in 30 minutes.
46. We ________ (visit) our cousins in Ho Chi Minh City next weekend.
47. He ________ (not/join) the football team’s practice tomorrow.
48. What ________ (you/wear) to the wedding next Saturday?
49. I ________ (not/cook) dinner because we’ll order pizza.
50. They ________ (go) camping this Saturday.
51. My sister ________ (buy) a new dress for the party.
52. We ________ (not/attend) the lecture on Monday.
53. When ________ (you/leave) for your vacation?
54. I ________ (take) my dog to the vet tomorrow morning.
55. They ________ (not/clean) the house this weekend.
56. Who ________ (she/ask) to help with the project?
57. We ________ (not/meet) until next Tuesday.
58. He ________ (watch) the basketball game tonight.
59. I ________ (help) you move your furniture next Saturday.
60. They ________ (not/stay) at the hotel overnight.

61. She (is going/go) ______ to attend a conference next month.
62. We (is going to/are going to) ______ travel abroad next year.
63. They (are going/going) ______ to fix the car this afternoon.
64. He (am going/is going) ______ to buy a new pair of shoes.
65. I (am going/are going) ______ to watch a movie tonight.
66. My friend (is going/are going) ______ to join the event tomorrow.
67. They (am going/are going) ______ to finish the project soon.
68. She (is not going/are not going) ______ to visit the museum.
69. What (are you going/am you going) ______ to do this holiday?
70. We (is going to/are going to) ______ clean the garage next weekend.
71. I (am not going/is not going) ______ to attend the conference.
72. He (is going/are going) ______ to write a report next week.
73. My brother (is not going/am not going) ______ to buy a new bike.
74. They (are going/am going) ______ to go swimming this summer.
75. We (is not going/are not going) ______ to take part in the contest.
76. She (is going/are going) ______ to invite her friends for dinner.
77. I (am not going/is not going) ______ to sleep early tonight.
78. The students (is going/are going) ______ to organize a fundraiser.
79. He (is going/are going) ______ to meet his boss tomorrow.
80. What (is she going/are she going) ______ to wear to the party?

Viết đoạn văn dưới đây, điền động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Tương Lai Gần:

81–100.
This weekend, I ________ (spend) time with my family. We ________ (go) to the beach on Saturday morning. My mom ________ (prepare) sandwiches for lunch, and my dad ________ (bring) some drinks. My brother and I ________ (play) volleyball, and later we ________ (build) sandcastles. In the evening, we ________ (have) a barbecue. On Sunday, we ________ (visit) my grandparents. They ________ (be) so happy to see us.

Đáp án

1. They are going to move to a new apartment next week.
2. I am going to visit my grandparents tomorrow afternoon.
3. We are not going to go to the park this evening.
4. She is going to call her best friend tonight.
5. Are you going to take part in the competition next month?
6. He is going to buy a new laptop next week.
7. The kids are not going to finish their homework before dinner.
8. My brother is going to start his new job next Monday.
9. I am not going to attend the meeting tomorrow.
10. What are you going to do this weekend?
11. The train is going to leave at 7:30 a.m. tomorrow.
12. They are going to celebrate their anniversary next Saturday.
13. I am not going to prepare dinner tonight because we’ll eat out.
14. Who are you going to invite to the birthday party?
15. My parents are going to travel to Paris this summer.
16. We are not going to watch TV tonight because we have a lot of work to do.
17. She is going to spend her holidays in Da Nang.
18. He is not going to visit his relatives this weekend.
19. What time are we going to meet tomorrow?
20. The teacher is going to explain the new topic next class.

21. She is going to join the dance club.
22. They are going to renovate their house.
23. I am going to study abroad next year.
24. He is going to buy a new car soon.
25. The school is going to organize a field trip next month.
26. We are going to have dinner together this evening.
27. She is going to take an art class.
28. They are going to move to a bigger city.
29. My father is going to quit smoking.
30. The children are going to prepare for a big concert.
31. I am going to meet my friends tomorrow.
32. We are going to visit a museum this weekend.
33. He is going to start a new project soon.
34. They are going to go hiking next Sunday.
35. The company is going to organize a charity event.
36. My mom is going to bake a cake tonight.
37. We are going to hold a meeting next week.
38. I am going to learn how to cook.
39. They are going to decorate the house for Christmas.
40. She is going to spend her summer in Japan.

41. I am not going to study for the exam this evening because I’m too tired.
42. Are you going to meet your classmates after school?
43. They are going to build a new shopping mall in our neighborhood soon.
44. My brother is not going to play basketball tomorrow morning.
45. She is going to take a taxi to the airport in 30 minutes.
46. We are going to visit our cousins in Ho Chi Minh City next weekend.
47. He is not going to join the football team’s practice tomorrow.
48. What are you going to wear to the wedding next Saturday?
49. I am not going to cook dinner because we’ll order pizza.
50. They are going to go camping this Saturday.
51. My sister is going to buy a new dress for the party.
52. We are not going to attend the lecture on Monday.
53. When are you going to leave for your vacation?
54. I am going to take my dog to the vet tomorrow morning.
55. They are not going to clean the house this weekend.
56. Who is she going to ask to help with the project?
57. We are not going to meet until next Tuesday.
58. He is going to watch the basketball game tonight.
59. I am going to help you move your furniture next Saturday.
60. They are not going to stay at the hotel overnight.

61. She is going to attend a conference next month.
62. We are going to travel abroad next year.
63. They are going to fix the car this afternoon.
64. He is going to buy a new pair of shoes.
65. I am going to watch a movie tonight.
66. My friend is going to join the event tomorrow.
67. They are going to finish the project soon.
68. She is not going to visit the museum.
69. What are you going to do this holiday?
70. We are going to clean the garage next weekend.
71. I am not going to attend the conference.
72. He is going to write a report next week.
73. My brother is not going to buy a new bike.
74. They are going to go swimming this summer.
75. We are not going to take part in the contest.
76. She is going to invite her friends for dinner.
77. I am not going to sleep early tonight.
78. The students are going to organize a fundraiser.
79. He is going to meet his boss tomorrow.
80. What is she going to wear to the party?

This weekend, I am going to spend time with my family. We are going to go to the beach on Saturday morning. My mom is going to prepare sandwiches for lunch, and my dad is going to bring some drinks. My brother and I are going to play volleyball, and later we are going to build sandcastles. In the evening, we are going to have a barbecue. On Sunday, we are going to visit my grandparents. They are going to be so happy to see us.