7 cách sử dụng thì Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect)

Thì Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect) thường được sử dụng để chỉ hành động hoặc sự kiện đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và vẫn còn ảnh hưởng hoặc quan trọng đến hiện tại. Dưới đây là một số cách thường thấy để sử dụng thì này

Diễn tả hành động đã hoàn thành trong quá khứ mà không nêu rõ thời điểm cụ thể:

• I have eaten sushi before.
• She has visited Paris.
• She has read that book.
• They have seen the movie.
• He has tried sushi before.
• We have studied Spanish.
• I have visited Italy.
• She has cooked dinner.
• They have bought a new car.
• He has played basketball.
• We have finished the project.
• She has cleaned the house.

Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ và vẫn còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại:

1. She has lived in London for five years.
   • Cô ấy đã sống ở London trong năm năm qua và vẫn đang ở đó.
2. They have worked at the same company since graduation.
   • Họ đã làm việc tại cùng một công ty từ khi tốt nghiệp và vẫn đang làm việc ở đó.
3. He has studied French since he was a child.
   • Anh ấy đã học tiếng Pháp từ khi còn nhỏ và vẫn đang học.
4. We have been friends since kindergarten.
   • Chúng tôi đã là bạn từ mẫu giáo và vẫn đang là bạn.
5. She has been living in her apartment for ten years.
   • Cô ấy đã sống trong căn hộ của mình từ mười năm trước và vẫn đang ở đó.
6. He has been working on this project since last month.
   • Anh ấy đã làm việc trên dự án này từ tháng trước và vẫn đang tiếp tục.
7. They have been dating for three years.
   • Họ đã hẹn hò từ ba năm trước và vẫn đang hẹn hò.
8. I have been learning to play the guitar for six months.
   • Tôi đã đang học chơi đàn guitar trong sáu tháng qua và vẫn đang tiếp tục.
9. She has been teaching English at the university since she graduated.
   • Cô ấy đã giảng dạy tiếng Anh tại trường đại học từ khi cô ấy tốt nghiệp và vẫn đang giảng dạy.
10. He has been volunteering at the shelter every weekend for two years.

Diễn tả hành động mới chỉ hoàn thành, kết quả của nó vẫn còn ảnh hưởng đến hiện tại:

• I have just finished my homework.
• We have already cleaned the house.
• I have just finished reading that book, so now I can discuss it with you.
• She has completed her degree, which has opened up new job opportunities for her.
• We have recently redecorated the living room, and it looks much brighter now.
• He has finally fixed the leaking faucet, so we don’t have to worry about water waste anymore.
• They have renovated their kitchen, making cooking much more enjoyable.
• I have recently started learning Spanish, and it has already helped me communicate with more people.
• She has just adopted a puppy, and it has brought so much joy into her life.
• We have successfully launched our new product, and sales have been increasing steadily since then.
• He has recently quit smoking, and his health has already improved noticeably.
• They have moved to a new city, and it has been a great opportunity for them to explore different cultures and lifestyles.

Diễn đạt một trải nghiệm có thật trong quá khứ:

• She has never been to Asia before.
• Have you ever tried sushi?
• I have traveled to Europe three times.
• She has never ridden a horse before.
• We have seen the Northern Lights in Norway.
• He has tried skydiving once in New Zealand.
• They have visited the Grand Canyon on a family road trip.
• I have eaten authentic sushi in Japan.
• She has climbed Mount Kilimanjaro.
• We have attended a traditional tea ceremony in China.
• He has swum with dolphins in the Caribbean.
• They have hiked the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu.

Diễn tả hành động đã hoàn thành trước một sự kiện khác trong quá khứ:

• By the time we arrived, they had already left.
• He had finished his work before the deadline.
• By the time she arrived at the party, everyone had already eaten all the food.
• When I woke up this morning, my mom had already left for work.
• He missed the beginning of the movie because he had forgotten to set his alarm clock.
• By the time the ambulance arrived, the injured person had already been taken to the hospital.
• We were late for the concert because we had underestimated the traffic.
• When they finally reached the top of the mountain, the sun had already set.
• By the time I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
• She realized she had lost her keys after she had left the house.
• When the teacher entered the classroom, the students had already finished the exam.
• By the time he finished reading the book, he had gained a deeper understanding of the subject.

Diễn tả kinh nghiệm sống hoặc sự thay đổi từ quá khứ đến hiện tại:

• My English has improved a lot since I started practicing regularly.
• Technology has changed the way we communicate.
• My cooking skills have improved significantly since I started taking culinary classes.
• She has become much more confident since she joined the debate team.
• Technology has revolutionized the way we communicate with each other.
• Over the years, I have developed a deeper understanding of different cultures through traveling.
• He has gained a lot of experience in his field since he began working in the industry.
• I have learned to appreciate the value of time after facing several challenges in my life.
• Our understanding of the universe has expanded greatly thanks to advancements in astronomy.
• Since moving to the countryside, I have discovered a newfound love for nature and outdoor activities.
• She has overcome her fear of public speaking through consistent practice and determination.
• I have grown more patient and understanding as I’ve encountered various obstacles and setbacks in life.

Diễn đạt một hành động được lặp lại trong quá khứ với từ khóa như “ever”, “never”, “once”, “twice”:

• I have never traveled abroad.
• She has been to that restaurant twice this week.
• I have never tried sushi before.
• She has ever been to Europe.
• Have you ever ridden a horse?
• He has never watched that movie.
• We have been to that restaurant once.
• They have never traveled by train.
• Have you ever climbed a mountain?
• She has once visited Australia.
• He has twice won the championship.
• They have never eaten Thai food.

Như vậy bạn chỉ cần đọc đi đọc lại và luyện tập là sẽ thành thạo thì hiện tại hoàn thành.

Đọc lại bài thống kê các thì: Chia động từ trong tiếng Anh như thế nào?