IELTS Reading 24: Health and nutrition trends là chủ đề thuộc chuỗi bài luyện tập 11 dạng bài IELTS Reading và các bài tập luyện tập.
Học lại bài cũ: IELTS Reading 23: Advances in medicine and pharmaceuticals.
IELTS Reading: Health and nutrition trends
Over the past few decades, the relationship between diet and health has become an area of significant research and public interest. As scientific understanding of nutrition has deepened, new trends in health and nutrition have emerged, transforming the way individuals approach their dietary habits. These trends reflect not only advances in nutritional science but also shifting cultural attitudes toward food, health, and sustainability.
One of the most prominent health and nutrition trends in recent years is the rise of plant-based diets. Advocates of plant-based eating emphasize the numerous health benefits associated with consuming more fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains. Studies suggest that such diets can reduce the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. Moreover, the environmental impact of plant-based diets is considered lower than that of diets heavy in animal products, as plant-based foods generally require fewer resources to produce.
In addition to plant-based diets, intermittent fasting has gained popularity as a potential method for weight management and improving metabolic health. Intermittent fasting involves cycling between periods of eating and fasting, with various methods such as the 16/8 or 5:2 approaches. Proponents claim that this eating pattern can lead to weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, and even longer life expectancy. However, critics argue that intermittent fasting may not be suitable for everyone, and more research is needed to fully understand its long-term effects.
Another trend that has seen a resurgence is the focus on gut health and its role in overall well-being. The gut microbiome, which consists of trillions of bacteria residing in the digestive tract, is now believed to influence not only digestion but also immune function, mood, and even mental health. Fermented foods like yogurt, kimchi, and sauerkraut are touted for their probiotic content, which is thought to support a healthy gut microbiome. Prebiotics, found in foods such as garlic, onions, and bananas, are also gaining attention for their ability to nourish beneficial gut bacteria.
Meanwhile, the concept of “mindful eating” has emerged as a counterbalance to the fast-paced, convenience-driven food culture. Mindful eating encourages individuals to pay closer attention to their hunger and satiety cues, as well as to the sensory experience of eating. This practice is believed to promote healthier eating habits, reduce overeating, and foster a more positive relationship with food.
Despite the widespread enthusiasm for these trends, nutrition experts caution that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to health and nutrition. Individual needs vary based on factors such as age, activity level, and pre-existing health conditions. As a result, it is essential for individuals to approach dietary changes with care and, when necessary, consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.
In conclusion, the landscape of health and nutrition continues to evolve, with trends such as plant-based diets, intermittent fasting, gut health, and mindful eating at the forefront. As people become more health-conscious, these trends reflect a growing awareness of the importance of nutrition in promoting long-term well-being. Nonetheless, it is crucial to approach these trends with a balanced perspective, recognizing that what works for one person may not work for another.
Question
1. Multiple Choice (Chọn đáp án đúng)
Câu hỏi: What is one of the key benefits of a plant-based diet according to the passage? A. It improves mental health.
B. It is cheaper than other diets.
C. It reduces the risk of chronic diseases.
D. It promotes faster weight loss.
2. True/False/Not Given (Đúng/Sai/Không có thông tin)
Câu hỏi:
- Plant-based diets are more expensive to follow than traditional diets.
- Intermittent fasting is suitable for everyone.
- Probiotic foods can help improve gut health.
3. Yes/No/Not Given (Có/Không/Không có thông tin)
Câu hỏi:
- Does the passage express the opinion that mindful eating helps people enjoy food more?
- Does the author believe that intermittent fasting is the best diet for weight loss?
- Does the author suggest that plant-based diets are the only way to prevent heart disease?
4. Matching Information (Ghép thông tin)
Câu hỏi: Match the following trends with the relevant health benefits mentioned in the passage.
- Plant-based diets
- Intermittent fasting
- Gut health
- Mindful eating
A. Improves digestion
B. Can reduce overeating
C. Helps manage weight
D. Reduces risk of chronic diseases
5. Matching Headings (Ghép tiêu đề)
Câu hỏi: Choose the correct heading for each paragraph.
- Paragraph 1: __
- Paragraph 2: __
- Paragraph 3: __
- Paragraph 4: __
- Paragraph 5: __
Headings:
A. Intermittent Fasting and Its Benefits
B. The Role of Mindful Eating
C. The Popularity of Plant-Based Diets
D. Gut Health and Its Impact on Well-being
E. Tailoring Diets to Individual Needs
6. Matching Sentence Endings (Ghép kết thúc câu)
Câu hỏi: Match the beginnings of the sentences with their correct endings.
- Plant-based diets are associated with…
- Intermittent fasting involves…
- Fermented foods are known for…
A. improving the gut microbiome.
B. reducing the risk of heart disease.
C. periods of eating and fasting.
7. Sentence Completion (Hoàn thành câu)
Câu hỏi: Complete the following sentences with no more than three words from the passage.
- Plant-based diets are believed to require fewer _______ to produce.
- Probiotics found in fermented foods can help maintain a healthy _______.
- Critics argue that intermittent fasting may not be _______ for everyone.
8. Summary Completion (Hoàn thành bản tóm tắt)
Summary:
Several new health and nutrition trends have emerged in recent years, including plant-based diets and _______ fasting. While plant-based eating focuses on increasing the consumption of _______ foods, intermittent fasting involves periods of eating and fasting, which is said to improve _______ health and weight management. There is also growing interest in the role of gut health, with foods like yogurt and _______ providing probiotics to support the gut microbiome.
Fill in the blanks with words from the passage.
9. Diagram Label Completion (Hoàn thành nhãn sơ đồ)
Câu hỏi: Label the diagram below based on information from the passage. (The diagram might represent the relationship between diet types and their benefits.)
- Diet Type 1: Plant-based diet
-> Benefit 1: _______
-> Benefit 2: _______ - Diet Type 2: Intermittent fasting
-> Benefit 1: _______
-> Benefit 2: _______
10. Short Answer Questions (Câu hỏi trả lời ngắn)
Câu hỏi:
- What kind of bacteria is essential for gut health?
- Name one fermented food mentioned in the passage.
- How many hours does the 16/8 fasting method involve for fasting?
11. Table/Flowchart/Note Completion (Hoàn thành bảng/sơ đồ dòng/chú thích)
Câu hỏi: Complete the table with information from the passage.
| Diet Trend | Health Benefit | Additional Information |
|---|---|---|
| Plant-based diet | Reduces the risk of _______ | Lower environmental impact |
| Intermittent fasting | Can lead to _______ | Various fasting methods (16/8, 5:2) |
| Gut health focus | Improves _______ function | Probiotics and prebiotics are beneficial |
| Mindful eating | Helps prevent _______ | Encourages awareness of hunger and fullness |
Answers
1. Multiple Choice (Chọn đáp án đúng)
Câu hỏi: What is one of the key benefits of a plant-based diet according to the passage?
Đáp án: C. It reduces the risk of chronic diseases.
2. True/False/Not Given (Đúng/Sai/Không có thông tin)
- Plant-based diets are more expensive to follow than traditional diets.
Đáp án: Not Given - Intermittent fasting is suitable for everyone.
Đáp án: False - Probiotic foods can help improve gut health.
Đáp án: True
3. Yes/No/Not Given (Có/Không/Không có thông tin)
- Does the passage express the opinion that mindful eating helps people enjoy food more?
Đáp án: Yes - Does the author believe that intermittent fasting is the best diet for weight loss?
Đáp án: No - Does the author suggest that plant-based diets are the only way to prevent heart disease?
Đáp án: No
4. Matching Information (Ghép thông tin)
- Plant-based diets → D. Reduces risk of chronic diseases
- Intermittent fasting → C. Helps manage weight
- Gut health → A. Improves digestion
- Mindful eating → B. Can reduce overeating
5. Matching Headings (Ghép tiêu đề)
- Paragraph 1: E. Tailoring Diets to Individual Needs
- Paragraph 2: C. The Popularity of Plant-Based Diets
- Paragraph 3: A. Intermittent Fasting and Its Benefits
- Paragraph 4: D. Gut Health and Its Impact on Well-being
- Paragraph 5: B. The Role of Mindful Eating
6. Matching Sentence Endings (Ghép kết thúc câu)
- Plant-based diets are associated with… → B. reducing the risk of heart disease.
- Intermittent fasting involves… → C. periods of eating and fasting.
- Fermented foods are known for… → A. improving the gut microbiome.
7. Sentence Completion (Hoàn thành câu)
- Plant-based diets are believed to require fewer resources to produce.
- Probiotics found in fermented foods can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome.
- Critics argue that intermittent fasting may not be suitable for everyone.
8. Summary Completion (Hoàn thành bản tóm tắt)
Several new health and nutrition trends have emerged in recent years, including plant-based diets and intermittent fasting. While plant-based eating focuses on increasing the consumption of plant-based foods, intermittent fasting involves periods of eating and fasting, which is said to improve metabolic health and weight management. There is also growing interest in the role of gut health, with foods like yogurt and kimchi providing probiotics to support the gut microbiome.
9. Diagram Label Completion (Hoàn thành nhãn sơ đồ)
- Diet Type 1: Plant-based diet
-> Benefit 1: Reduces risk of chronic diseases
-> Benefit 2: Lower environmental impact - Diet Type 2: Intermittent fasting
-> Benefit 1: Weight management
-> Benefit 2: Improved insulin sensitivity
10. Short Answer Questions (Câu hỏi trả lời ngắn)
- What kind of bacteria is essential for gut health?
Đáp án: Probiotics - Name one fermented food mentioned in the passage.
Đáp án: Kimchi - How many hours does the 16/8 fasting method involve for fasting?
Đáp án: 16 hours
11. Table/Flowchart/Note Completion (Hoàn thành bảng/sơ đồ dòng/chú thích)
| Diet Trend | Health Benefit | Additional Information |
|---|---|---|
| Plant-based diet | Reduces the risk of chronic diseases | Lower environmental impact |
| Intermittent fasting | Can lead to weight loss | Various fasting methods (16/8, 5:2) |
| Gut health focus | Improves immune function | Probiotics and prebiotics are beneficial |
| Mindful eating | Helps prevent overeating | Encourages awareness of hunger and fullness |
