Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1 (First Conditional) và bài tập

Câu điều kiện loại 1 (First Conditional) là một trong những cấu trúc ngữ pháp quan trọng trong tiếng Anh, được sử dụng để nói về những tình huống có thể xảy ra trong tương lai nếu điều kiện đưa ra là đúng. Trong bài viết này, chúng ta sẽ tìm hiểu rõ hơn về cấu trúc và cách sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1 một cách hiệu quả.

Bài cũ:

Thì Quá Khứ Hoàn Thành (Past Perfect Tense) và 100 bài tập

Bài viết liên quan:

100 câu bài tập tiếng anh dạng bài viết lại câu Chuyển đổi câu điều kiện loại 1 thành câu điều kiện loại 0.

100 câu luyện tập ngữ pháp câu điều kiện không có thật loại 1, 2 và 3.

100 bài tập viết lại câu chuyển câu với “if” loại 1 sang câu loại 2.

Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1

Câu điều kiện loại 1 thường có cấu trúc như sau:

• If + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + will + V (nguyên mẫu)

Trong đó, mệnh đề điều kiện (mệnh đề if) sử dụng thì hiện tại đơn, còn mệnh đề chính sẽ sử dụng will để chỉ tương lai.

Ví dụ:

• If it rains, we will cancel the picnic.
  (Nếu trời mưa, chúng ta sẽ hủy chuyến dã ngoại.)
• If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
  (Nếu bạn học chăm chỉ, bạn sẽ vượt qua kỳ thi.)

Dưới đây là 100 câu ví dụ sử dụng cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1 (First Conditional):

1. If it rains, we will stay at home.
2. If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
3. If she calls me, I will answer.
4. If they arrive on time, we will start the meeting.
5. If you eat too much, you will gain weight.
6. If the weather is good, we will go hiking.
7. If you are late, you will miss the bus.
8. If he doesn’t hurry, he will be late for work.
9. If you practice regularly, you will improve your skills.
10. If they help us, we will finish faster.
11. If you don’t water the plants, they will die.
12. If it gets colder, we will need jackets.
13. If you don’t apologize, he will be angry.
14. If you drive carefully, you will avoid accidents.
15. If you work hard, you will succeed.
16. If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
17. If she doesn’t sleep early, she will be tired tomorrow.
18. If you don’t clean your room, your mother will be upset.
19. If he calls, I will let you know.
20. If you don’t pay the bill, they will cut off your service.
21. If we leave now, we will catch the train.
22. If you touch that, you will get hurt.
23. If the movie is boring, we will leave early.
24. If you break the rules, you will face consequences.
25. If the meeting is canceled, we will go out for lunch.
26. If you feel sick, you will need to see a doctor.
27. If they don’t agree, we will find another solution.
28. If you exercise daily, you will stay healthy.
29. If you don’t study, you will fail the test.
30. If you are polite, people will respect you.
31. If she wins the competition, she will get a prize.
32. If you don’t sleep enough, you will feel exhausted.
33. If we finish early, we will go to the park.
34. If it is hot tomorrow, we will go swimming.
35. If you work late, you will miss the show.
36. If she doesn’t understand, I will explain again.
37. If you take this medicine, you will feel better.
38. If the restaurant is full, we will go somewhere else.
39. If the internet is slow, I will restart the router.
40. If they don’t arrive soon, we will start without them.
41. If you finish your homework, you will have free time.
42. If it rains, we will cancel the picnic.
43. If you study abroad, you will learn a lot.
44. If you don’t eat breakfast, you will be hungry later.
45. If we don’t hurry, we will miss the flight.
46. If they offer the job, she will accept it.
47. If you visit Paris, you will love the city.
48. If the printer doesn’t work, we will use the other one.
49. If the road is closed, we will take another route.
50. If you tell the truth, people will trust you.
51. If it gets dark, we will turn on the lights.
52. If you save money, you will buy a new phone.
53. If she doesn’t answer, I will leave a message.
54. If you finish early, you will get a reward.
55. If you make a mistake, I will help you correct it.
56. If the traffic is bad, we will take the subway.
57. If you don’t eat healthy, you will get sick.
58. If they ask for help, we will support them.
59. If it’s sunny tomorrow, we will have a barbecue.
60. If you don’t lock the door, someone will break in.
61. If they have a sale, we will buy some clothes.
62. If you forget the password, you will need to reset it.
63. If the meeting is long, we will take a break.
64. If you don’t drink enough water, you will get dehydrated.
65. If he doesn’t call, we will go without him.
66. If you feel cold, you will need a sweater.
67. If you break your promise, she will be disappointed.
68. If you arrive late, you will miss the speech.
69. If you speak loudly, they will hear you.
70. If they finish the project, they will get a bonus.
71. If you read the instructions, you will understand better.
72. If the weather is bad, we will stay inside.
73. If you don’t study, you won’t pass the exam.
74. If we leave early, we will avoid the traffic.
75. If the food is spicy, I will not eat it.
76. If you don’t exercise, you will gain weight.
77. If the presentation goes well, we will celebrate.
78. If you don’t follow the recipe, the cake will not turn out well.
79. If you arrive on time, we will start the meeting.
80. If you ask nicely, they will help you.
81. If you don’t do your chores, you will not get your allowance.
82. If we don’t win, we will try again next time.
83. If you don’t take care of your health, you will regret it later.
84. If it’s raining, we will take an umbrella.
85. If you don’t fix the leak, the house will flood.
86. If you work overtime, you will get paid extra.
87. If the phone doesn’t charge, I will buy a new charger.
88. If they don’t follow the rules, they will get in trouble.
89. If we order now, the food will arrive in 30 minutes.
90. If you don’t attend the meeting, you will miss important information.
91. If they don’t deliver on time, we will ask for a refund.
92. If you don’t explain clearly, they will get confused.
93. If we go shopping, I will buy a new jacket.
94. If the movie is interesting, I will recommend it to my friends.
95. If you take the bus, you will save money.
96. If you prepare well, you will perform confidently.
97. If we run out of milk, we will buy more.
98. If she sings well, she will win the contest.
99. If you turn off your phone, you will avoid distractions.
100. If the weather is nice, we will go to the beach.

Cách sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1

Câu điều kiện loại 1 được dùng để nói về những tình huống có thể xảy ra trong tương lai. Điều kiện đưa ra thường có tính khả thi cao.

• Dự đoán về tương lai: Câu điều kiện loại 1 giúp chúng ta dự đoán một sự việc sẽ xảy ra nếu điều kiện nào đó được đáp ứng.
  • Ví dụ: If you don’t hurry, you will miss the bus.
    (Nếu bạn không nhanh lên, bạn sẽ lỡ chuyến xe buýt.)
• Lời khuyên hoặc cảnh báo: Cấu trúc này thường được dùng để đưa ra lời khuyên hoặc cảnh báo người khác về một khả năng trong tương lai.
  • Ví dụ: If you touch that wire, you will get an electric shock.
    (Nếu bạn chạm vào dây điện đó, bạn sẽ bị điện giật.)

Một số biến thể của câu điều kiện loại 1

Ngoài việc sử dụng động từ will trong mệnh đề chính, bạn cũng có thể dùng các động từ khuyết thiếu khác như can, may, might, để tạo ra những sắc thái nghĩa khác nhau.

• If + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + can/may/might + V (nguyên mẫu)

Ví dụ:

• If you practice regularly, you can improve your English.
  (Nếu bạn luyện tập thường xuyên, bạn có thể cải thiện tiếng Anh của mình.)
• If it rains, we might stay at home.
  (Nếu trời mưa, chúng ta có thể sẽ ở nhà.)

Câu điều kiện loại 1 trong giao tiếp

Câu điều kiện loại 1 là một trong những cấu trúc phổ biến trong giao tiếp hằng ngày, đặc biệt khi bạn muốn nói về các dự định tương lai hoặc đưa ra lời khuyên. Hãy thường xuyên sử dụng cấu trúc này trong các tình huống đời thường để tăng khả năng sử dụng ngữ pháp của bạn.

Lỗi thường gặp khi sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1

Một số người học thường nhầm lẫn giữa câu điều kiện loại 1 và loại 2. Cần nhớ rằng câu điều kiện loại 1 chỉ dùng để nói về những tình huống có khả năng xảy ra trong tương lai, trong khi câu điều kiện loại 2 thường nói về những tình huống không thực tế.

• Sai: If it will rain, we will cancel the picnic.
  (Câu sai do sử dụng will trong mệnh đề if.)
• Đúng: If it rains, we will cancel the picnic.

Bài tập sửa lỗi sai

1. If he will study, he will pass the exam.
2. If it will snow, we will stay inside.
3. If she will call me, I will answer.
4. If you will run fast, you will win the race.
5. If they will arrive early, we will start the meeting.
6. If he will practice more, he will become better.
7. If it will be sunny, we will go to the beach.
8. If you will study hard, you will pass the test.
9. If the shop will be open, we will buy groceries.
10. If it will be cold, I will wear a jacket.
11. If he will drive fast, he will have an accident.
12. If you will eat too much, you will gain weight.
13. If it will rain tomorrow, the match will be canceled.
14. If we will leave now, we will catch the bus.
15. If he will call me, I will talk to him.
16. If you will not hurry, you will be late.
17. If you will save money, you will buy a new phone.
18. If he will exercise daily, he will stay fit.
19. If she will eat healthy, she will lose weight.
20. If the movie will be interesting, we will stay until the end.
21. If they will not arrive soon, we will leave.
22. If the weather will improve, we will go hiking.
23. If he will win the lottery, he will buy a house.
24. If it will stop raining, we will go out.
25. If she will study abroad, she will learn new skills.
26. If the teacher will explain again, we will understand.
27. If you will forget the password, you will have to reset it.
28. If you will not eat breakfast, you will be hungry later.
29. If the computer will not work, we will call the technician.
30. If she will wake up early, she will finish her work.
31. If they will not agree, we will find another way.
32. If you will feel sick, you will need to see a doctor.
33. If he will run fast, he will catch the bus.
34. If it will be too late, we will cancel the plan.
35. If you will read the book, you will understand the topic.
36. If the weather will be nice, we will have a picnic.
37. If you will prepare well, you will pass the interview.
38. If the phone will not charge, we will buy a new charger.
39. If they will open the store, we will go shopping.
40. If the food will not be good, we will not eat there again.
41. If she will not respond, we will send another email.
42. If you will work late, you will miss the train.
43. If they will offer me the job, I will accept it.
44. If it will be sunny, we will go for a walk.
45. If the traffic will be bad, we will take another route.
46. If he will practice more, he will improve his English.
47. If you will not clean your room, your parents will be angry.
48. If it will be raining, we will not go outside.
49. If you will not water the plants, they will die.
50. If the event will be canceled, we will get a refund.
51. If you will take care of your health, you will live longer.
52. If they will come on time, we will not be late.
53. If you will tell the truth, they will believe you.
54. If he will not try hard, he will fail the exam.
55. If the power will go out, we will use candles.
56. If it will be windy, we will not go sailing.
57. If you will attend the meeting, you will learn a lot.
58. If the internet will not work, we will call the provider.
59. If she will cook dinner, we will eat at home.
60. If you will save money, you will afford the trip.
61. If the train will not arrive on time, we will take a taxi.
62. If she will learn English, she will get a better job.
63. If the team will win, they will celebrate.
64. If we will not hurry, we will miss the movie.
65. If the traffic lights will not work, we will need to be careful.
66. If you will finish early, you will have free time.
67. If the weather will be good, we will go camping.
68. If he will arrive late, we will wait for him.
69. If the weather will change, we will cancel the trip.
70. If you will not study, you will not pass the test.
71. If the food will be good, we will order again.
72. If the power will go out, the fridge will stop working.
73. If you will prepare well, you will succeed.
74. If they will not complete the task, we will give them more time.
75. If the phone will ring, I will answer it.
76. If the car will break down, we will call a mechanic.
77. If she will be busy tomorrow, we will reschedule.
78. If the baby will cry, we will comfort him.
79. If you will help me, we will finish faster.
80. If they will not understand, I will explain again.
81. If you will not eat, you will feel tired.
82. If the bus will be late, we will walk.
83. If it will not rain, we will have a picnic.
84. If the cat will get hungry, it will meow.
85. If the weather will improve, we will go outside.
86. If the phone will not work, we will return it.
87. If the meeting will end early, we will go for lunch.
88. If you will play well, you will win the match.
89. If she will need help, we will assist her.
90. If the bank will close early, we will go tomorrow.
91. If the plane will arrive late, we will miss our connection.
92. If the teacher will explain clearly, the students will understand.
93. If the train will leave soon, we will hurry.
94. If she will make a mistake, I will help her correct it.
95. If the room will not be available, we will book another one.
96. If you will not attend the conference, you will miss important information.
97. If the movie will be good, I will recommend it.
98. If you will not lock the door, someone will break in.
99. If the water will boil, we will make tea.
100. If the internet will be slow, I will restart the router.

Sửa lỗi

1. If he studies, he will pass the exam.
2. If it snows, we will stay inside.
3. If she calls me, I will answer.
4. If you run fast, you will win the race.
5. If they arrive early, we will start the meeting.
6. If he practices more, he will become better.
7. If it is sunny, we will go to the beach.
8. If you study hard, you will pass the test.
9. If the shop is open, we will buy groceries.
10. If it is cold, I will wear a jacket.
11. If he drives fast, he will have an accident.
12. If you eat too much, you will gain weight.
13. If it rains tomorrow, the match will be canceled.
14. If we leave now, we will catch the bus.
15. If he calls me, I will talk to him.
16. If you don’t hurry, you will be late.
17. If you save money, you will buy a new phone.
18. If he exercises daily, he will stay fit.
19. If she eats healthy, she will lose weight.
20. If the movie is interesting, we will stay until the end.
21. If they don’t arrive soon, we will leave.
22. If the weather improves, we will go hiking.
23. If he wins the lottery, he will buy a house.
24. If it stops raining, we will go out.
25. If she studies abroad, she will learn new skills.
26. If the teacher explains again, we will understand.
27. If you forget the password, you will have to reset it.
28. If you don’t eat breakfast, you will be hungry later.
29. If the computer doesn’t work, we will call the technician.
30. If she wakes up early, she will finish her work.
31. If they don’t agree, we will find another way.
32. If you feel sick, you will need to see a doctor.
33. If he runs fast, he will catch the bus.
34. If it is too late, we will cancel the plan.
35. If you read the book, you will understand the topic.
36. If the weather is nice, we will have a picnic.
37. If you prepare well, you will pass the interview.
38. If the phone doesn’t charge, we will buy a new charger.
39. If they open the store, we will go shopping.
40. If the food isn’t good, we will not eat there again.
41. If she doesn’t respond, we will send another email.
42. If you work late, you will miss the train.
43. If they offer me the job, I will accept it.
44. If it is sunny, we will go for a walk.
45. If the traffic is bad, we will take another route.
46. If he practices more, he will improve his English.
47. If you don’t clean your room, your parents will be angry.
48. If it is raining, we will not go outside.
49. If you don’t water the plants, they will die.
50. If the event is canceled, we will get a refund.
51. If you take care of your health, you will live longer.
52. If they come on time, we will not be late.
53. If you tell the truth, they will believe you.
54. If he doesn’t try hard, he will fail the exam.
55. If the power goes out, we will use candles.
56. If it is windy, we will not go sailing.
57. If you attend the meeting, you will learn a lot.
58. If the internet doesn’t work, we will call the provider.
59. If she cooks dinner, we will eat at home.
60. If you save money, you will afford the trip.
61. If the train doesn’t arrive on time, we will take a taxi.
62. If she learns English, she will get a better job.
63. If the team wins, they will celebrate.
64. If we don’t hurry, we will miss the movie.
65. If the traffic lights don’t work, we will need to be careful.
66. If you finish early, you will have free time.
67. If the weather is good, we will go camping.
68. If he arrives late, we will wait for him.
69. If the weather changes, we will cancel the trip.
70. If you don’t study, you will not pass the test.
71. If the food is good, we will order again.
72. If the power goes out, the fridge will stop working.
73. If you prepare well, you will succeed.
74. If they don’t complete the task, we will give them more time.
75. If the phone rings, I will answer it.
76. If the car breaks down, we will call a mechanic.
77. If she is busy tomorrow, we will reschedule.
78. If the baby cries, we will comfort him.
79. If you help me, we will finish faster.
80. If they don’t understand, I will explain again.
81. If you don’t eat, you will feel tired.
82. If the bus is late, we will walk.
83. If it doesn’t rain, we will have a picnic.
84. If the cat gets hungry, it will meow.
85. If the weather improves, we will go outside.
86. If the phone doesn’t work, we will return it.
87. If the meeting ends early, we will go for lunch.
88. If you play well, you will win the match.
89. If she needs help, we will assist her.
90. If the bank closes early, we will go tomorrow.
91. If the plane arrives late, we will miss our connection.
92. If the teacher explains clearly, the students will understand.
93. If the train leaves soon, we will hurry.
94. If she makes a mistake, I will help her correct it.
95. If the room is not available, we will book another one.
96. If you don’t attend the conference, you will miss important information.
97. If the movie is good, I will recommend it.
98. If you don’t lock the door, someone will break in.
99. If the water boils, we will make tea.
100. If the internet is slow, I will restart the router.

Câu điều kiện loại 1 (First Conditional) là một cấu trúc ngữ pháp đơn giản nhưng rất hữu ích trong giao tiếp tiếng Anh. Việc nắm vững và sử dụng thành thạo cấu trúc này sẽ giúp bạn giao tiếp tự tin hơn, đặc biệt khi nói về các tình huống có thể xảy ra trong tương lai.