IELTS Reading 58: The rise of nuclear families

IELTS Reading 58: The rise of nuclear families là chủ đề thuộc chuỗi bài luyện tập 11 dạng bài IELTS Reading và các bài tập luyện tập.

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IELTS Reading: The rise of nuclear families

In recent decades, the structure of the family unit has undergone significant transformation, with a notable shift towards nuclear families. A nuclear family typically consists of two parents and their children, living independently from extended family members. This evolution in family dynamics is largely attributed to various social, economic, and cultural factors.

Historically, extended families, which include grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, were the norm in many cultures. Such arrangements provided support systems, shared resources, and a sense of community. However, the late 20th century witnessed a gradual decline in these traditional structures, as urbanization and industrialization prompted families to relocate to cities in search of better job opportunities. As a result, many families found themselves living far from their extended relatives, leading to the emergence of the nuclear family as the primary household type.

Economic changes have also played a crucial role in this shift. With both parents often needing to work to maintain financial stability, the nuclear family model offers a more manageable lifestyle. This setup allows parents to focus on their careers while ensuring that their children receive the attention and care they need within a smaller, more intimate family environment. Moreover, the rise of technology and modern communication methods has further facilitated this trend by making it easier for nuclear families to maintain connections with distant relatives.

Culturally, changing societal norms and values have contributed to the rise of nuclear families. Increasing acceptance of diverse family structures, including single-parent households and cohabiting couples, has broadened the definition of family. The emphasis on individualism and personal choice has led many to prioritize their immediate family’s needs over extended familial obligations. This shift reflects a growing belief that a smaller family unit can provide a nurturing environment conducive to children’s development.

The rise of nuclear families has brought both advantages and challenges. On one hand, nuclear families often enjoy greater autonomy and flexibility in their lifestyles, allowing for more personalized parenting approaches. On the other hand, the absence of extended family support can lead to feelings of isolation and stress, particularly for parents navigating the challenges of raising children alone.

In conclusion, the rise of nuclear families represents a significant shift in societal norms, influenced by urbanization, economic factors, and cultural changes. While this family structure offers unique benefits, it also presents challenges that require careful consideration in the context of modern society. As family dynamics continue to evolve, understanding the implications of these changes will be essential for fostering healthy family relationships and community support systems.

Questions

1. Multiple Choice

1. What is primarily characterized as a nuclear family? A) A family with extended relatives living together
   B) A family consisting of two parents and their children
   C) A single-parent household
   D) A family with multiple generations living together
2. Which factor has significantly contributed to the rise of nuclear families according to the passage? A) Increased birth rates
   B) Urbanization and industrialization
   C) Technological advancements
   D) Cultural traditions

2. True/False/Not Given

3. The passage states that extended families are no longer common in modern society.
4. Nuclear families are often seen as providing more personalized parenting approaches.
5. The passage provides information about the advantages of living in an extended family.

3. Yes/No/Not Given

6. The author believes that nuclear families are more beneficial than extended families.
7. The rise of nuclear families is solely due to economic factors.
8. The passage suggests that individualism has increased in contemporary family structures.

4. Matching Information

9. Match the following aspects with the correct paragraph:
   a) The impact of technology on family structure
   b) The historical perspective on family dynamics
   c) The challenges faced by nuclear families

5. Matching Headings

10. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph:
    a) The decline of traditional family structures
    b) Advantages and challenges of nuclear families
    c) The role of urbanization in family changes

6. Matching Sentence Endings

11. The shift towards nuclear families has led to…
    A) a decline in community support.
    B) increased financial independence for parents.
    C) a resurgence of extended family living.

7. Sentence Completion

12. The passage indicates that the nuclear family model allows parents to focus on their __________.

8. Summary Completion

13. The rise of nuclear families has brought both __________ and challenges to modern society.

9. Diagram Label Completion

14. Complete the labels in the diagram based on the information in the passage:
    a) Historical family structure: __________
    b) Modern family structure: __________

10. Short Answer Questions

15. What are the two primary characteristics of nuclear families mentioned in the passage?

11. Table/Flowchart/Note Completion

16. Fill in the table with information regarding the factors influencing the rise of nuclear families:

Đáp án

1. Multiple Choice

1. B
2. B

2. True/False/Not Given

3. True
4. True
5. Not Given

3. Yes/No/Not Given

6. Not Given
7. No
8. Yes

4. Matching Information

9. a) Paragraph 4
   b) Paragraph 2
   c) Paragraph 5

5. Matching Headings

a) Paragraph 2
b) Paragraph 5
c) Paragraph 3

6. Matching Sentence Endings

11. A

7. Sentence Completion

12. careers

8. Summary Completion

13. advantages

9. Diagram Label Completion

a) Extended family
b) Nuclear family

10. Short Answer Questions

15. Two parents and their children

Table/Flowchart/Note Completion