Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành (Present Perfect Tense) và 100 bài tập

Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect Tense) là một trong những thì ngữ pháp quan trọng trong tiếng Anh. Nó giúp bạn diễn tả các hành động, sự kiện đã hoàn thành nhưng vẫn còn ảnh hưởng đến hiện tại. Trong bài viết này, chúng ta sẽ tìm hiểu cấu trúc, cách sử dụng, cũng như một số bài tập thực hành về thì hiện tại hoàn thành.

Học lại bài cũ: Thì Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn (Present Continuous Tense) và 100 bài tập.

Định Nghĩa Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành

Thì hiện tại hoàn thành được sử dụng để nói về một hành động đã hoàn thành trong quá khứ nhưng vẫn còn tác động hoặc kết quả liên quan đến thời điểm hiện tại.

Công Thức Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành

Công thức của thì hiện tại hoàn thành khá đơn giản, được chia thành hai dạng: khẳng định, phủ định, và nghi vấn.

• Câu khẳng định: S + have/has + V3 (past participle) + …

Ví dụ:

• I have finished my homework. (Tôi đã hoàn thành bài tập về nhà.)
• She has lived in London for 5 years. (Cô ấy đã sống ở London được 5 năm.)

• Câu phủ định: S + have/has + not + V3 (past participle) + …

Ví dụ:

• They haven’t visited us yet. (Họ chưa ghé thăm chúng tôi.)
• He hasn’t eaten dinner. (Anh ấy chưa ăn tối.)

• Câu nghi vấn: Have/Has + S + V3 (past participle) + … ?

Ví dụ:

• Have you seen that movie? (Bạn đã xem bộ phim đó chưa?)
• Has she finished her project? (Cô ấy đã hoàn thành dự án chưa?)

Cách Sử Dụng Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành

Thì hiện tại hoàn thành được dùng trong các trường hợp sau:

a. Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra ở một thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ:

Ví dụ:

• I have met him before. (Tôi đã gặp anh ấy trước đây.)
• She has traveled to Japan. (Cô ấy đã đi du lịch đến Nhật Bản.)

b. Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại:

Ví dụ:

• They have lived here since 2010. (Họ đã sống ở đây từ năm 2010.)
• We have known each other for a long time. (Chúng tôi đã biết nhau từ lâu.)

c. Diễn tả trải nghiệm, kinh nghiệm trong cuộc đời:

Ví dụ:

• I have never been to Paris. (Tôi chưa bao giờ đến Paris.)
• Have you ever tried sushi? (Bạn đã bao giờ ăn sushi chưa?)

d. Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra (thường dùng với “just”):

Ví dụ:

• She has just left the office. (Cô ấy vừa rời khỏi văn phòng.)
• I have just finished my homework. (Tôi vừa hoàn thành bài tập về nhà.)

Dấu Hiệu Nhận Biết Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành

Có một số từ ngữ giúp bạn nhận diện thì hiện tại hoàn thành một cách dễ dàng:

• Already, just, yet: thường dùng trong câu khẳng định và phủ định.
• Since, for: chỉ thời gian kéo dài từ quá khứ đến hiện tại.
• Ever, never: dùng để nói về trải nghiệm.
• So far, up to now, recently, lately: diễn tả thời điểm gần với hiện tại.

Bài Tập Về Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành

Điền vào chỗ trống

1. I _______ (visit) Japan twice.
2. She _______ (finish) her homework already.
3. We _______ (not/see) this movie before.
4. Have you _______ (try) sushi?
5. They _______ (live) in this house for 10 years.
6. He _______ (not/finish) his project yet.
7. We _______ (be) friends since high school.
8. My brother _______ (just/buy) a new car.
9. The teacher _______ (explain) the lesson three times.
10. I _______ (not/receive) the email yet.
11. She _______ (work) here since last year.
12. We _______ (never/go) to Paris.
13. Have they _______ (already/leave) for the airport?
14. He _______ (read) that book several times.
15. The kids _______ (not/eat) lunch yet.
16. I _______ (meet) him once before.
17. Have you _______ (ever/see) a shooting star?
18. She _______ (just/take) her medicine.
19. They _______ (not/visit) their grandparents this year.
20. We _______ (know) each other for a long time.
21. He _______ (play) tennis since he was a child.
22. Have you _______ (finish) your homework yet?
23. The movie _______ (already/start).
24. I _______ (not/clean) my room today.
25. We _______ (study) for the exam all day.
26. She _______ (just/get) home from work.
27. He _______ (not/call) me since last week.
28. I _______ (see) that movie twice already.
29. Have they _______ (move) to the new house yet?
30. We _______ (never/travel) to Asia before.
31. She _______ (not/write) the report yet.
32. He _______ (just/finish) his breakfast.
33. They _______ (attend) three meetings today.
34. I _______ (not/go) to the gym recently.
35. We _______ (just/complete) the project.
36. Have you _______ (talk) to him about the issue?
37. She _______ (just/call) her mom.
38. He _______ (not/arrive) at the office yet.
39. They _______ (visit) this museum many times.
40. I _______ (see) this play before.
41. We _______ (just/receive) the package.
42. The company _______ (increase) its profits this year.
43. She _______ (not/sleep) well lately.
44. Have you _______ (ever/eat) Indian food?
45. They _______ (already/sell) their old house.
46. He _______ (not/wash) the dishes yet.
47. I _______ (know) her for five years now.
48. We _______ (learn) so much this semester.
49. She _______ (just/send) the email.
50. He _______ (not/visit) us in months.
51. They _______ (recently/buy) a new apartment.
52. Have you _______ (ever/travel) by train?
53. I _______ (not/meet) the new manager yet.
54. She _______ (already/eat) dinner.
55. We _______ (just/come) back from vacation.
56. He _______ (not/read) that article yet.
57. The students _______ (complete) the assignment.
58. They _______ (not/finish) painting the house yet.
59. I _______ (take) three tests today.
60. Have you _______ (ever/ride) a horse?
61. She _______ (just/start) a new job.
62. He _______ (not/see) his family in years.
63. We _______ (already/make) plans for the weekend.
64. I _______ (not/try) that restaurant yet.
65. They _______ (just/arrive) at the station.
66. She _______ (finish) two books this week.
67. He _______ (already/go) home.
68. We _______ (not/have) any problems so far.
69. I _______ (visit) five countries this year.
70. They _______ (just/paint) the walls.
71. She _______ (not/answer) my text yet.
72. He _______ (already/pack) his suitcase.
73. Have you _______ (ever/meet) a celebrity?
74. I _______ (just/get) back from the store.
75. They _______ (not/pay) the bill yet.
76. She _______ (just/see) her favorite actor.
77. We _______ (attend) three concerts this summer.
78. He _______ (not/take) the exam yet.
79. I _______ (just/cook) dinner.
80. They _______ (recently/renovate) their kitchen.
81. She _______ (not/visit) her parents lately.
82. We _______ (already/book) the tickets.
83. Have you _______ (ever/speak) in public?
84. I _______ (just/start) reading that book.
85. He _______ (not/wear) that suit yet.
86. She _______ (already/bake) a cake.
87. They _______ (just/launch) a new product.
88. We _______ (not/see) the results yet.
89. I _______ (just/clean) the house.
90. Have they _______ (finish) their homework yet?
91. He _______ (not/drive) in months.
92. She _______ (already/send) out the invitations.
93. They _______ (just/move) to a new city.
94. We _______ (not/meet) the new neighbor yet.
95. I _______ (already/write) the report.
96. She _______ (just/discover) a new café.
97. Have you _______ (ever/try) skydiving?
98. They _______ (not/start) the project yet.
99. He _______ (already/take) his medicine.
100. We _______ (just/sign) the contract.

Đáp án

1. I have visited Japan twice.
2. She has finished her homework already.
3. We have not seen this movie before.
4. Have you tried sushi?
5. They have lived in this house for 10 years.
6. He has not finished his project yet.
7. We have been friends since high school.
8. My brother has just bought a new car.
9. The teacher has explained the lesson three times.
10. I have not received the email yet.
11. She has worked here since last year.
12. We have never gone to Paris.
13. Have they already left for the airport?
14. He has read that book several times.
15. The kids have not eaten lunch yet.
16. I have met him once before.
17. Have you ever seen a shooting star?
18. She has just taken her medicine.
19. They have not visited their grandparents this year.
20. We have known each other for a long time.
21. He has played tennis since he was a child.
22. Have you finished your homework yet?
23. The movie has already started.
24. I have not cleaned my room today.
25. We have studied for the exam all day.
26. She has just gotten home from work.
27. He has not called me since last week.
28. I have seen that movie twice already.
29. Have they moved to the new house yet?
30. We have never traveled to Asia before.
31. She has not written the report yet.
32. He has just finished his breakfast.
33. They have attended three meetings today.
34. I have not gone to the gym recently.
35. We have just completed the project.
36. Have you talked to him about the issue?
37. She has just called her mom.
38. He has not arrived at the office yet.
39. They have visited this museum many times.
40. I have seen this play before.
41. We have just received the package.
42. The company has increased its profits this year.
43. She has not slept well lately.
44. Have you ever eaten Indian food?
45. They have already sold their old house.
46. He has not washed the dishes yet.
47. I have known her for five years now.
48. We have learned so much this semester.
49. She has just sent the email.
50. He has not visited us in months.
51. They have recently bought a new apartment.
52. Have you ever traveled by train?
53. I have not met the new manager yet.
54. She has already eaten dinner.
55. We have just come back from vacation.
56. He has not read that article yet.
57. The students have completed the assignment.
58. They have not finished painting the house yet.
59. I have taken three tests today.
60. Have you ever ridden a horse?
61. She has just started a new job.
62. He has not seen his family in years.
63. We have already made plans for the weekend.
64. I have not tried that restaurant yet.
65. They have just arrived at the station.
66. She has finished two books this week.
67. He has already gone home.
68. We have not had any problems so far.
69. I have visited five countries this year.
70. They have just painted the walls.
71. She has not answered my text yet.
72. He has already packed his suitcase.
73. Have you ever met a celebrity?
74. I have just gotten back from the store.
75. They have not paid the bill yet.
76. She has just seen her favorite actor.
77. We have attended three concerts this summer.
78. He has not taken the exam yet.
79. I have just cooked dinner.
80. They have recently renovated their kitchen.
81. She has not visited her parents lately.
82. We have already booked the tickets.
83. Have you ever spoken in public?
84. I have just started reading that book.
85. He has not worn that suit yet.
86. She has already baked a cake.
87. They have just launched a new product.
88. We have not seen the results yet.
89. I have just cleaned the house.
90. Have they finished their homework yet?
91. He has not driven in months.
92. She has already sent out the invitations.
93. They have just moved to a new city.
94. We have not met the new neighbor yet.
95. I have already written the report.
96. She has just discovered a new café.
97. Have you ever tried skydiving?
98. They have not started the project yet.
99. He has already taken his medicine.
100. We have just signed the contract.

Chọn đáp án đúng

1. They _______ (have/has) never been to New York. a. have
   b. has
2. She _______ (have/has) just left the office. a. have
   b. has
3. We _______ (have/has) lived in this city for 10 years. a. have
   b. has
4. I _______ (have/has) already finished my homework. a. have
   b. has
5. He _______ (have/has) not called me since last week. a. have
   b. has
6. The students _______ (have/has) completed their project. a. have
   b. has
7. My sister _______ (have/has) not visited us this year. a. have
   b. has
8. We _______ (have/has) already eaten dinner. a. have
   b. has
9. The company _______ (have/has) just launched a new product. a. have
   b. has
10. They _______ (have/has) not seen that movie yet. a. have
    b. has
11. I _______ (have/has) traveled to three different countries this year. a. have
    b. has
12. He _______ (have/has) not spoken to her for months. a. have
    b. has
13. She _______ (have/has) just returned from vacation. a. have
    b. has
14. We _______ (have/has) met before, haven’t we? a. have
    b. has
15. They _______ (have/has) finished the project successfully. a. have
    b. has
16. He _______ (have/has) not worked here for a long time. a. have
    b. has
17. I _______ (have/has) never seen such a beautiful sunset. a. have
    b. has
18. The children _______ (have/has) not played outside today. a. have
    b. has
19. She _______ (have/has) completed her homework. a. have
    b. has
20. We _______ (have/has) been waiting for you for hours. a. have
    b. has
21. They _______ (have/has) never tried sushi before. a. have
    b. has
22. He _______ (have/has) just gone out to the store. a. have
    b. has
23. I _______ (have/has) not read that book yet. a. have
    b. has
24. The students _______ (have/has) studied hard for the exam. a. have
    b. has
25. My parents _______ (have/has) already visited Italy. a. have
    b. has
26. She _______ (have/has) never driven a car before. a. have
    b. has
27. They _______ (have/has) not arrived at the meeting yet. a. have
    b. has
28. We _______ (have/has) just received the good news. a. have
    b. has
29. I _______ (have/has) traveled to London twice this year. a. have
    b. has
30. He _______ (have/has) just started a new job. a. have
    b. has
31. The kids _______ (have/has) never been to the zoo. a. have
    b. has
32. We _______ (have/has) not finished the report yet. a. have
    b. has
33. She _______ (have/has) taken that class before. a. have
    b. has
34. They _______ (have/has) already cleaned the house. a. have
    b. has
35. I _______ (have/has) never tasted this kind of fruit. a. have
    b. has
36. He _______ (have/has) been to the gym three times this week. a. have
    b. has
37. We _______ (have/has) not seen the new movie yet. a. have
    b. has
38. She _______ (have/has) just returned from work. a. have
    b. has
39. They _______ (have/has) visited many countries in Europe. a. have
    b. has
40. I _______ (have/has) already completed my task. a. have
    b. has
41. He _______ (have/has) never eaten sushi before. a. have
    b. has
42. We _______ (have/has) just arrived at the airport. a. have
    b. has
43. The kids _______ (have/has) just finished their homework. a. have
    b. has
44. She _______ (have/has) lived in New York for five years. a. have
    b. has
45. I _______ (have/has) not met the new manager yet. a. have
    b. has
46. He _______ (have/has) already packed his bags for the trip. a. have
    b. has
47. They _______ (have/has) never been to this restaurant before. a. have
    b. has
48. We _______ (have/has) not had dinner yet. a. have
    b. has
49. She _______ (have/has) just seen the doctor. a. have
    b. has
50. I _______ (have/has) already written the email. a. have
    b. has
51. He _______ (have/has) never visited his grandparents. a. have
    b. has
52. They _______ (have/has) already eaten lunch. a. have
    b. has
53. The teacher _______ (have/has) just explained the lesson. a. have
    b. has
54. We _______ (have/has) not taken the test yet. a. have
    b. has
55. She _______ (have/has) just made a cup of coffee. a. have
    b. has
56. I _______ (have/has) never been to this park before. a. have
    b. has
57. They _______ (have/has) not booked their tickets yet. a. have
    b. has
58. He _______ (have/has) already spoken to the manager. a. have
    b. has
59. We _______ (have/has) just heard the news. a. have
    b. has
60. The kids _______ (have/has) never seen snow before. a. have
    b. has
61. I _______ (have/has) just returned from my trip. a. have
    b. has
62. He _______ (have/has) already paid for the tickets. a. have
    b. has
63. They _______ (have/has) never experienced anything like this. a. have
    b. has
64. We _______ (have/has) just finished our presentation. a. have
    b. has
65. She _______ (have/has) already eaten breakfast. a. have
    b. has
66. I _______ (have/has) not spoken to him in a long time. a. have
    b. has
67. He _______ (have/has) not arrived at the party yet. a. have
    b. has
68. They _______ (have/has) already left the office. a. have
    b. has
69. We _______ (have/has) just received a new shipment. a. have
    b. has
70. She _______ (have/has) lived here since last year. a. have
    b. has
71. I _______ (have/has) already booked my flight. a. have
    b. has
72. He _______ (have/has) not finished his homework yet. a. have
    b. has
73. They _______ (have/has) never been to the beach. a. have
    b. has
74. We _______ (have/has) just checked into the hotel. a. have
    b. has
75. She _______ (have/has) already washed the dishes. a. have
    b. has
76. I _______ (have/has) just seen the news. a. have
    b. has
77. He _______ (have/has) already told us about the event. a. have
    b. has
78. They _______ (have/has) never played this game before. a. have
    b. has
79. We _______ (have/has) just returned from the meeting. a. have
    b. has
80. She _______ (have/has) not decided yet. a. have
    b. has
81. I _______ (have/has) not received any calls today. a. have
    b. has
82. He _______ (have/has) already completed his assignment. a. have
    b. has
83. They _______ (have/has) never tried this type of food. a. have
    b. has
84. We _______ (have/has) just finished lunch. a. have
    b. has
85. She _______ (have/has) already made the decision. a. have
    b. has
86. I _______ (have/has) not talked to him recently. a. have
    b. has
87. He _______ (have/has) not completed his report yet. a. have
    b. has
88. They _______ (have/has) already ordered the food. a. have
    b. has
89. We _______ (have/has) not seen the results yet. a. have
    b. has
90. She _______ (have/has) not finished her coffee yet. a. have
    b. has
91. I _______ (have/has) never been to that restaurant. a. have
    b. has
92. He _______ (have/has) already taken the test. a. have
    b. has
93. They _______ (have/has) not submitted the application yet. a. have
    b. has
94. We _______ (have/has) already solved the problem. a. have
    b. has
95. She _______ (have/has) not visited her friends for a while. a. have
    b. has
96. I _______ (have/has) already cleaned my room. a. have
    b. has
97. He _______ (have/has) not started his new job yet. a. have
    b. has
98. They _______ (have/has) never been to a concert. a. have
    b. has
99. We _______ (have/has) already met the deadline. a. have
    b. has
100. She _______ (have/has) not checked her email yet. a. have
     b. has

Đáp án

1. a. have
2. b. has
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7. b. has
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48. a. have
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55. b. has
56. a. have
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62. b. has
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70. b. has
71. a. have
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74. a. have
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79. a. have
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82. b. has
83. a. have
84. a. have
85. b. has
86. a. have
87. b. has
88. a. have
89. a. have
90. b. has
91. a. have
92. b. has
93. a. have
94. a. have
95. b. has
96. a. have
97. b. has
98. a. have
99. a. have
100. b. has

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